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What were the major points of Wilson's peace plan?
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Wilson's "Fourteen Points" peace plan aimed to establish lasting peace by promoting open diplomacy, fair national boundaries, and limited reparations to prevent future conflicts. Key components included reducing armaments and forming a "general association of nations" to resolve disputes, known as the League of Nations. However, the U.S. did not join the League, undermining its effectiveness. Wilson's vision anticipated issues that eventually contributed to World War II.
Wilson's plan for peace was presented as his "Fourteen Points" in a speech to Congress. It was designed to bring a lasting peace and end war in civilized lands. The major points of the plan included a call for nations to engage in "open covenants" with each other rather than secret alliances such as those that had catapulted a minor incident into a World War. Another major point was that the settlement between the victorious Allies and the Axis needed to be fair, establishing reasonable national boundaries and limiting reparations. Wilson felt that unfair land allotment and heavy or burdensome reparations would just lead to further resentment and hatred bringing about future wars. Unfortunately, history proved him right with World War II coming in less than thirty years. He also called for a general reduction in arms and armies among the civilized nations of the world. Finally, Wilson's plan also called for the creation of a "general association of nations" that would settle disputes and protect the nations of the world from unfair aggression. This League of Nations, as it would be called, was the centerpiece of Wilson's plan. Unfortunately, he could not get his own government to accept the plan and the United States did not join the League of Nations, severely limiting its power.
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