Wives and Daughters

by Elizabeth Gaskell

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Summary

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"Wives and Daughters" unfolds the intricate dynamics of familial relationships and societal expectations in a small English town. At the heart of the narrative lies Molly Gibson, whose life changes dramatically when her father remarries, bringing into the household a new stepmother and stepsister. This novel explores themes of love, loyalty, and societal pressures through the contrasting experiences of Molly and her stepsister, Cynthia.

Molly's Changed Household

Molly Gibson's life is turned upside down when her father, a widowed town doctor, decides to remarry. He weds Clare Hyacinth Kirkpatrick, a widow herself, in a union driven by mutual necessity rather than affection. Molly loses her central role in the household and must adapt to her new family members: a whimsical and superficial stepmother and a stepsister, Cynthia, with whom she shares little common ground. The marriage of her father and Clare is a practical affair on both sides. Molly's father believes his daughter needs a mother figure, while Clare is eager for the social uplift and financial security that come with marrying Dr. Gibson. However, differences in personality and intellect soon make the marriage a strained one.

The Friendship of Molly and Cynthia

Despite the tumultuous changes, Molly and her stepsister Cynthia forge a strong friendship. Their bond is, paradoxically, strengthened by their differences. Each girl sees in the other qualities she lacks and admires. While Cynthia is charming and lively, Molly is sincere and steadfast. Cynthia quickly enchants Roger Hamley, the younger son of Squire Hamley. They become unofficially engaged just before Roger embarks on a two-year scientific expedition to Africa. Throughout these events, Molly quietly harbors her own feelings for Roger, never voicing her love.

Cynthia's Decision and Roger's Journey

As Roger begins his research in Africa, Cynthia sends him a letter to end their engagement. She comes to the realization that her feelings for Roger were not as deep as she initially thought. Additionally, she receives a proposal from Walter Henderson, a promising young lawyer she met during her stay with relatives in London, which she finds more appealing.

The Hamley Family's Secret

Back in England, Squire Hamley pins his hopes on his elder son, Osborne, to restore the family's waning fortunes through a prosperous marriage. However, Osborne has a hidden life; he is secretly married to Aimée, a poor Frenchwoman he met while abroad. His health deteriorates due to a heart condition, and he returns home both physically and emotionally weakened. Tragically, Osborne passes away before he can reveal to his father the existence of his son. Aimée arrives in Hollingford after learning about Osborne’s illness, only to find herself unwelcomed by the squire.

Reconciliation and New Beginnings

The squire, though immediately affectionate towards his grandson, initially struggles to accept Aimée. Molly, ever the peacemaker, plays a crucial role in bridging the gap between them. When Roger returns to England upon the news of his brother's death, he assists in reconciling the family. The squire finally acknowledges his daughter-in-law, allowing her to live nearby and care for her son.

Roger and Molly's Future

Roger's return brings clarity to his feelings. Witnessing Cynthia with Henderson, he realizes his former attachment to her was merely infatuation. His true love is Molly, whose steadfast affection has endured silently throughout. They reach a mutual understanding and decide to marry once Roger fulfills his research commitments. Their future together is bright, with plans to establish a new life in London after leaving Hollingford behind.

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