The Way to Rainy Mountain

by N. Scott Momaday

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Student Question

How did the Kiowa people become great hunters according to The Way to Rainy Mountain?

Quick answer:

The Kiowa people became great hunters through the support of the Sun god and their relationship with horses, dogs, and buffalo. Horses provided mobility and freedom, enabling exploration of the Great Plains. Dogs were crucial as companions and protectors, while buffalo were their primary sustenance source. The Sun Dance was essential for ensuring hunting success, and the decline of the Kiowa's hunting prowess is linked to the destruction of horses and buffalo in the late 19th century.

Expert Answers

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In short, the Kiowa tribe become great hunters due to the help of the Sun god and their close relationship with three animals:  the horse, the dog, and the buffalo. 

In order to understand the relationship of the three animals to Kiowa hunting, one must understand the importance of the horse and the dog and the buffalo to the Kiowa creation myth and Kiowa history.  First, the tribe is only able to emerge after the domesticated horse appears on the Northern Plains.  Horses are the Kiowa tribe's main method of transportation and the reason the Kiowa are able to migrate.  In this way, the horse is what allows the Kiowa freedom to explore the Great Plains. 

Two other animals important to the Kiowa tribe in regards to hunting are dogs and buffalo.  Dogs are always important to the Kiowa tribe.  In fact, the Kiowa obtain their first domesticated dog when one speaks to a hunter and saves him from enemy warriors.  Lastly, because buffalo are the Kiowa's main source of sustenance, this animal has always been important to them being good hunters.  Even in their myth system, there is a hunter who escapes from a magic buffalo. 

In conclusion, it is important not to neglect the importance of the Sun god in regards to the hunting prowess of the Kiowa.  Kiowa hunters could only be certain of a successful hunt if they danced the Sun Dance and proved their worth in that way.  Further, the decline of the Kiowa tribe is certainly related to the massacre of the horses and the buffalo in the latter half of the nineteenth century.

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