Characters
Captain David Cheap
David Cheap was a man with ambition. He had worked his way up through the ranks of the Navy and now hoped to take the next step: from first lieutenant on the Centurion to captain on a ship of his own. When Cheap finally attained his dream and became captain of the Wager, he let his new position go to his head. While a captain had full authority over a ship, he also had to have the prudence and humility to know that he could not man the ship on his own. He had to learn to connect with and respect his men and to work closely with his fellow officers.
This is what Cheap failed to do. He held so closely to his status as captain that he would not budge an inch. He would not accept advice. He was determined to follow his orders to meet Anson to the point of inflexibility. The other captains, in contrast, understood the need for adaptability. Those of the Pearl and the Severn turned their ships around in Cape Horn. Cheap would not, perhaps could not, do the same. His position was the world to him, at the sacrifice of his men.
As Cheap's men challenged him, the captain became more paranoid. His efforts to enforce strict order only caused more tension and resentment. His paranoia blossomed into violence when he ordered the brutal flogging of the thieves and then shot Henry Cozens. Yet Cheap always maintained that he was in the right and was the victim of a mutiny. He seemed unable to realize that his actions had, at least in part, contributed to the breakdown of the order he so cherished.
Midshipman John Byron
Midshipman John Byron was a nobleman with a romantic streak that he never entirely lost, even in the midst of his suffering. He also possessed a strong moral character. Always enchanted by the sea, Byron joined the Navy as his older brother squandered the family fortune. Byron found life at sea both challenging and awe-inspiring. Even though he suffered from disease and starvation like the others, he retained sensitivity and tenderness. He held Cozens' hand after he had been shot. He mourned the death of his dog and was horrified by having to share in the meal the men made of the animal.
Bryon's moral code won out even over his desire to go home. When Bulkeley and the others left Cheap on the island, Byron could not bear the disloyalty and cruelty of the act. With a few others, he went back, risking his life to do what he believed was right. Byron stuck with Cheap even though he recognized that the captain was not always correct in his decisions because this young midshipman was committed to doing his duty.
Gunner John Bulkeley
Gunner John Bulkeley was something of an opportunist with a strong ability to rationalize his actions. As a gunner, Bulkeley proved himself an efficient leader with a knack for coordinating the men's actions amid the chaos of battle positions. As the voyage deteriorated, Bulkeley lost confidence in Cheap, whose decisions he doubted and whose attitude and actions he blamed for the castaways' suffering.
Bulkeley maintained outward obedience to Cheap even as his inward resentment grew. He discovered plenty of opportunities to advance himself in the eyes of the men. Working independently, he built a dwelling on the island, gathered supplies and food, and even stored weapons. He also gathered the men's loyalty to the point where he could challenge Cheap with rebellion and set out as the leader...
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of theSpeedwell.
All along, Bulkeley kept a journal to explain his decisions and actions. He wanted to prove that what he was doing was right and was best for the common good. Bulkeley published his journal when he returned to England, seeking to justify himself in the eyes of the people. In so doing, he further betrayed his captain and many of his companions.
Ironically, Bulkeley claimed to be a devout Christian and honestly believed he was. However, his actions did not always match his beliefs, and many men accused him of cruelty.
Commodore George Anson
Commodore George Anson achieved his goal of heroism. His ship was the only one to survive the full journey around Cape Horn, and he and his men even collected the prize of the Spanish galleon. However, the account of the voyage, which chaplain Richard Walter supposedly wrote, was backed and heavily influenced by Anson himself. The narrative claims that Anson's men were always perfectly loyal and that Anson always acted in the best interests of his country. However, this account may be skewed to reflect Anson's own perceptions and self-promotion, which reflects negatively on his character.
Carpenter John Cummins
Carpenter John Cummins had a certain ingenuity to his credit. He was the one who turned the longboat into an ark that could withstand the rigors of a passage through the Strait of Magellan. Cummins also worked hard and did his best to keep the Wager and the other ships in the squadron afloat in the mist of the waves and winds. He was a man of skill who could apply his talents in even the worst circumstances. Cummins tended to go along with Bulkeley's decisions in leadership matters and deferred to him in the accounts of the voyage, which may reveal either a particular weakness in character or a confidence that Bulkeley had made the right decisions.
Midshipman Henry Cozens
Midshipman Henry Cozens had a major downfall: alcohol. Described by Byron as a good-natured man when sober, Cozens began argumentative and aggressive when drunk. Cozens was likely expressing the thoughts of many men when he spoke against Cheap in one of his drunken outbursts. Unfortunately, his alcohol-induced insubordination and insults cost him his life.
Carpenter's Mate James Mitchell
Carpenter's mate James Mitchell seemed to be a man out for himself alone. When the Wager wrecked, he and a few others remained on the ship, getting drunk, disorderly, and violent. On the island, Mitchell refused to obey orders and separated from the main party of castaways, along with his followers. They ravaged the island, and Byron was certain they had committed murder at least twice. Mitchell's anti-social personality and disobedient, careless actions revealed precisely what a seaman in the British Navy should not be.
Lieutenant Robert Baynes
Lieutenant Robert Baynes had a weak character that was easily swayed by fear. He agreed, for example, to join in the rebellion against Cheap on the condition that Cheap have a chance to agree to the new plan. However, when the captain became angry, Baynes backed down and denied his involvement with Bulkeley's plans. Fear also sent Baynes scurrying back to England ahead of everyone else so that he could tell his story first, although no one had forced him to go with Bulkeley and abandon the captain. He was a man that no one could count on for support.