How does Professor Sherman evolve in The Twenty-One Balloons?
In the young reader's novel The Twenty-One Balloons, Professor
Sherman mostly changes with respect to his scientific
thinking. Also, since he had pleasant experiences with the people he
met on Krakatoa, he now feels friendly enough towards people that he is able to say he is glad to...
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be back and to give the speech to the densely packed audience in the auditorium of the Western American Explorers' Club in San Francisco. However, all in all, he is still eager by the end of the book to have his year-long vacation away from people.
In Chapter 4, the reason why Professor Sherman crash-lands on Krakatoa is
because seagulls harmed his balloon. As soon as he saw the
seagulls, he immediately fed them his garbage, but he was unable to anticipate
that they would fish the garbage from the ocean then fly back up to the top of
his balloon to have their feast. Since he hadn't thought to bring a hunting
riffle, he had no way to protect himself and his balloon from the gulls. Two
gulls got into a fight on the top of his balloon over his turkey carcass,
resulting in the gulls popping a hole in his balloon and one even getting
trapped inside. Since there was no way Professor Sherman could mend the balloon
while in the air, he had no choice but to land on the island below, which
turned out to be Krakatoa.
Landing on Krakatoa happened to be an excellent experience for the
development of his scientific mind because it gave him a
chance to see all of the mechanical inventions the people of Krakatoa have
developed. By the end of the novel, Professor Sherman has advanced
scientifically enough that he is able to think of a
solution for his next trip: he will invent a "seagull catcher" to
attach to his balloon.
Yet, in one respect, Professor Sherman still has not changed by the end of the
novel. Though he has come to appreciate people enough that he can be friendly,
he is still very eager to get away from people for a full
year, as we see in his final sentence of the book:
I plan to spend one full year in the air, one year of truly delightful living, a year in a balloon! (p. 180)
What is the name of Professor Sherman's balloon in The Twenty-One Balloons?
Professor Sherman names his balloon "The Globe." This is entirely appropriate given its projected size, as well as the nature of the journey on which he's about to embark. The professor wants to be alone on his voyage, floating high above the earth out of everyone's reach. He also wants to make sure that he stays in the air for as long as possible. This means that he's going to have to build a large balloon, with all the practical engineering problems that that entails.
But there's a precedent. The great French balloonist Giffard constructed a giant balloon of his own, the Clou, the biggest balloon ever built. This remarkable feat of aeronautical engineering consisted of no fewer than seven alternating thicknesses of rubber and silk. Professor Sherman's "Globe" has four alternating thicknesses of rubber and silk and is six thousand cubic yards in size—ten times the size of a normal balloon—making it one of the largest balloons ever made.