Student Question

Discuss the statement: "Malvolio is essentially ludicrous" in the context of Twelfth Night.

Quick answer:

Malvolio in "Twelfth Night" is initially portrayed as a ludicrous figure due to his pompous, puritanical nature and misguided ambition to marry Olivia. His transformation through humiliation, particularly in the yellow stockings scene, evokes both laughter and pity, highlighting the dangers of self-delusion. Despite his faults, Malvolio's unjust treatment makes him a tragic figure, with his unresolved storyline contrasting the play's comedic ending, underscoring a sobering message about ambition and conformity.

Expert Answers

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Very interesting statement here, but be careful not to underestimate the role of Malvolio and his use and abuse at the hands of other characters and of Shakespeare. Although initially he seems to be little more than a minor character and his gulling and humilitation part of the sub-plot to the main action, critics seem to agree that he definitely becomes more important as the action of the play progresses, and some go as far to say that Malvolio is actually one of the most complex characters in the entire play. 

Our first meeting with him clearly delineates him as an orderly, stuffy Puritan who is a killjoy and party spoiler. This of course places him against the likes of Sir Toby who want nothing more than to have a good time. Thus Sir Toby, aided by the brilliant Maria, organise his "downfall" by playing on his secret ambition to marry Olivia and become "Count Malvolio." Thus we see he is a character with severely misguided ambition. 

When this stratagem to humiliate him unfolds, Malvolio amazingly transforms from a duty-loving, stiff and proper servant to a warning of the power of self-delusion. We can all agree that he is ludicrous in those hilarious scenes when he is prancing around in yellow stockings and even worse - smiles. Yet it is only the hardest of audiences that does not feel pity for him alongside the mirth he evokes. Whilst he may deserve his humiliation, there seems to be a warning message in it that we can all to easily recognise the danger of. Malvolio seems to be a symbol of what can happen when ambition overpowers common sense. This is reinforced when Malvolio twists every event to support his view. Now he is ecstatically engaged in pursuit of a dream that everyone except for him knows is false.

Our feelings of pity and sympathy for him only increase when the scheme goes one step to far. When he is confined into a dark room in the fourth Act, Malvolio completes his transformation from victimiser to victim. Who can but feel pity for his desperate protestations that he is not mad whilst he is being goaded by Feste? It appears that Malvolio, as the representative of conformity and propriety in the play, must be "locked away" so that the rest of the characters can fully engage in the chaotic festival of the Twelfth Night. The way he resists the tauntings of Feste earn him our respect, and we do definitely feel that there is a kind of tragic nobility in how he conducts himself in this scene.

Most of all, of course, he is a character that is allowed no resolution. He is brought out to a joyful celebration that he shares no part in. His final words, normally spat out at the rest of the characters, offer a harsh counterpoint to the otherwise jolly ending of the play, and as he stalks off, he seems to represent a far more sober and sad ending of the "comedy" that to him at least was nothing more than a tragedy.

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