Tobacco Culture

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CRITICISM

Breen, T. H. “Preface.” In Tobacco Culture: The Mentality of the Great Tidewater Planters on the Eve of Revolution, pp. xi-xiv. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1985.

Asserts that the eighteenth-century Virginia tobacco growers established the social relationships and hierarchies of their era “in the fields and the marketplace” of the tobacco trade.

Clemens, Paul G. E. “The Operation of an Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake Tobacco Plantation.” Agricultural History XLIX, No. 3 (July 1975): 517-31.

Analyzes the economic conditions of eighteenth-century tobacco farmers in the Chesapeake region, concluding that, unlike farmers in other areas, those in the Chesapeake had great difficulty supporting themselves exclusively through tobacco growing.

Corti, Count. A History of Smoking, translated by Paul England. London: George G. Harrap & Co. Ltd., 1931, 295 p.

Assesses the religious, cultural, and economic significance of tobacco in the Americas, Europe, and Asia, from the rituals of the ancient Mayas and Aztecs to cigarette smoking in Europe in the mid-nineteenth century.

Coutts, Brian E. “Boom and Bust: The Rise and Fall of the Tobacco Industry in Spanish Louisiana, 1770-1790.” The Americas XLII, No. 3 (January 1986): 289-309.

Demonstrates how the rise of the Spanish tobacco trade in Louisiana was the result of persistence and determination, while its ultimate fall was the result of poor management and lack of foresight.

Goodman, Jordan. Tobacco in History: The Cultures of Dependence. London: Routledge, 1993, 280 p.

Investigates the religious, economic, social, political, and psychological significance of tobacco.

Gray, Lewis Cecil. “The Beginnings and Development of Agriculture in Virginia and Maryland.” In History of Agriculture in the Southern United States to 1860, Vol. I, pp. 14-40. Washington, D. C.: The Carnegie Institute of Washington, 1933.

Examines aspects of tobacco farming by the English colonists of Virginia, including seed acquisition and storing techniques.

Knapp, Jeffrey. “Elizabethan Tobacco.” Representations, No. 21 (Winter 1988): 27-66.

Looks at the complicated, often contradictory, relationship between Elizabethan society and the culture of tobacco as reflected in the literary works of the era.

MacInnes, C. M. “The Discovery and Spread of Tobacco.” In The Early English Tobacco Trade, pp. 1-26. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., Ltd., 1926.

Discusses the introduction of tobacco use into Europe and its acceptance first as a medical treatment and later as a social activity.

Porter, Patrick G. “Origins of the American Tobacco Company.” Business History Review XLIII, No. 1 (Spring 1969): 59-76.

Contends that the tobacco industry of the 1880s and 1890s set the tone for “big business” as it developed in the United States.

Price, Jacob M. “The Beginnings of Tobacco Manufacture in Virginia.” The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 64, No. 1 (January 1956): 3-29.

Attempts to fill in the gaps in the historical record of Virginia tobacco production for the years between the colonial era and the antebellum period.

Vaughan, Alden T. “Search for Stability: Economics.” In American Genesis: Captain John Smith and the Founding of Virginia, pp. 93-112. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1975.

Traces the tobacco boom in Virginia after the importation of a popular strain of tobacco plant from Spanish Florida.

Williams, Neville. “England's Tobacco Trade in the Reign of Charles I.” The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 65, No. 4 (October 1957): 402-49.

Observes that King Charles I tried with little success both to regulate England's tobacco imports and to diversify Virginia's agriculture—a system “wholly built upon [tobacco] smoke.”

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Criticism: Tobacco Smuggling In Great Britain