To what extent is Mayella Ewell in control of her life and future in To Kill a Mockingbird?
In To Kill a Mockingbird, race and class play important roles in how certain characters are viewed by others and where they exist in the social hierarchy. People of color, for example, are at the bottom of social ladder, but very poor white people are not so far above them in the eyes of the more financially stable people in Maycomb.
Mayella's class status, which is very poor, dictates her options and opportunities. Because she is the eldest women in the Ewell household, she is expected to take care of her father and many brothers and sisters, significantly limiting any free time or opportunity to pursue things like employment or romantic relationships. In simple terms, she is a servant to her father and is more or less shut off from the rest of the world.Â
It's important to remember that, while she is indeed lying about being attacked by...
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Tom, she is doing so at the direction of her father. In fact, Mayella can be viewed as one of the more tragic figures in the story because she only lures Tom into the yard because she wants attention and affection from a man, but things escalate once her father finds the two of them.
Like many poor young women in the early part of the 20th century, Mayella has very little control over her life and is almost certain that she has no future outside of the Ewell home.
Does Mayella Ewell in To Kill a Mockingbird control her own life?
Throughout To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Leeportrays
Mayella as being trapped in a desolate life she has no control
over; however, Mayella is also portrayed as attempting but
failing to rid her life of ugliness and loneliness.
The red geraniums Mayella plants in a corner of the Ewells'
yard can most clearly be seen as one of Mayella's attempts to
improve her life. As Scout narrates, the Ewells' yard near the
county dump is the dirtiest in the county. Their fence is made of broomsticks,
tree branches, and other bits of rubbish. The fence encloses a yard scattered
with a "Model-T Ford (on blocks), a discarded dentist's chair, an ancient
icebox," and other bits of rubbish (Ch. 17). Among all this rubbish and chaos,
Mayella makes an attempt to beautify her life by planting geraniums.
However, we see that the attempt is really a failed attempt
for a couple reasons. First, all she has to plant them in is "chipped-enamel
slop jars"; in other words, all she has to plant her flowers in to try and
remove herself from the trash surrounding her life is more trash. Second, while
the color red is traditionally thought of to represent passion,
geraniums, regardless of color, have very complex
symbolic meaning, and that meaning has both a negative and positive
side. Regardless of color, since the Victorian Era, the geranium has come to be
known to symbolize stupidity or foolishness. On a more
positive note, again, regardless of color, the geranium can symbolize
gentleness and peace of mind. Hence, Mayella's red geraniums
planted in chipped pots show us that she has passionate desires she is trying
to attend to in order to find peace of mind, but in reality, all of her
actions demonstrate she is a stupid and foolish
person; it is this stupidity and foolishness that actually keeps her
trapped in her desolate life.
Mayella behaves stupidly and foolishly in a couple of
different ways. First, she does so by attempting to seduce Tom
Robinson, a foolish act that results in Robinson's wrongful arrest and
wrongful death. Second, she behaves stupidly and foolishly by refusing
to report her father for the crimes he committed against her. Mayella
had her chance to report her father in court, as Atticus begged her to do,
saying, "Why don't you tell the truth, child, didn't Bob Ewell beat you up?,"
but Mayella foolishly refused (Ch. 18). Had she reported her father, she could
have escaped him and given herself and what Atticus suspects is her seven
incestuously conceived children a better life. Since she fails to report her
father, she and the seven children remain trapped in their
desolate lives because she yields all control of her life to her father.
Hence, as we can see, Harper Lee portrays Mayella as trapped in a horrible life
she has no control over because she foolishly chooses to
yield all control of her life to her father. Mayella makes
only a few small efforts to improve her own life, and those efforts fail
miserably.