Barber, C. L., and Wheeler, Richard P. "'The masked Neptune and / The gentlest winds of heaven': Pericles and the Transition from Tragedy to Romance." In their The Whole Journey: Shakespeare's Power of Development, pp. 298-342. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986.

Noting an absence of the "redemptive feminine presence" in Timon of Athens, Barber and Wheeler argue that "Timon does without maternal nurturance by trying to be himself an all-providing patron."

Bergeron, David M. "Timon of Athens and Morality Drama." College Language Association Journal X, No. 3 (March 1967): 181-88.

Discusses Timon of Athens as a medieval morality drama, demonstrating in particular its similarities in design and focus to the play Everyman.

Bizley, W. H. "Language and Currency in Timon of Athens" Theoria XLIV (May 1975): 21-42.

Pointing out the connection during Shakespeare's time between the giving of one's word and the guaranteeing of money, Bizley finds the dramatic catalyst of the play to be its examination of the cultural ambiguities surrounding monetary issues, particularly "currency" and "exchange."

Brownlow, F. W. "Conclusion: Timon of Athens." In Two Shakespearean Sequences: Henry VI to Richard II and Pericles to Timon of Athens, pp. 216-32. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1977.

Though judging the play to be an unfinished work, Brownlow classifies it as a metaphysical tragedy whose tone is primarily satiric and ironic.

Burke, Kenneth. "Timon of Athens and Misanthropic Gold." In Language as Symbolic Action: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method, pp. 115-24. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966.

Analyzes the construction of the plotline of Timon of Athens, deciding that it is "almost oppressive" in its consistency, yet is "extremely thorough." The essay was first published in The Laurel Shakespeare in 1963.

Champion, Larry S. "The Social Dimensions of Tragedy: Timon of Athens, Coriolanus, Antony and Cleopatra." In Shakespeare's Tragic Perspective, pp. 201-65. Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 1976.

Asserts that Timon of Athens is a result of a shift on Shakespeare's part toward creating tragedies based equally on the internal defects of the principal figure and on the external destructive forces he faces. Although Champion decides that the work is flawed, he concludes that its structure is significant for understanding Shakespeare's move away from a focus on the individual and his private struggle toward an emphasis on societal elements involved in tragedy.

Charney, Maurice. Introduction to Timon of Athens. In The Complete Signet Classic Shakespeare by William Shakespeare, edited by Sylvan Barnet, pp. 1367-374. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1972.

Finding Timon of Athens a conceptually complete play, Charney analyzes its structure as a dramatic fable.

Chorost, Michael. "Biological Finance in Shakespeare's Timon of Athens." English Literary Renaissance 21, No. 3 (Autumn 1991): 349-70.

Concluding that the overall focus of the play is Timon's condemnation of money, Chorost argues that the drama demonstrates that money "destroy[s] not only human relationships but also the reproductive power of nature itself."

Cook, David. "Timon of Athens." Shakespeare Survey 16 (1963): 83-94.

Maintains that Timon's pride causes his deviation from the "natural order" and that, through his own foolish munificence, he intentionally brings about his own demise. Cook also points out that it is the secondary character of Alcibiades—and not Timon—who symbolizes the concept of forgiveness.

Elliott, Robert C. "The Satirist Satirized: Studies of the Great Misanthropes." In The Power of Satire: Magic, Ritual, Art, pp. 130-222. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1960.

Places Timon's misanthropy in the context of classical and Renaissance satire.

Fulton, Robert C, III. "Timon, Cupid, and the Amazons." Shakespeare Studies: An Annual Gathering of Research, Criticism, and Reviews IX (1976): 283-99.

Detailing the body of tradition surrounding the masque figures, Fulton argues that Cupid and the Amazons represent "the radically broken world of Timon's Athens," whose initial celebratory richness collapses into destruction and hypocrisy.

Heilman, Robert B. "Timon in Context." In Shakespeare: The Tragedies, edited by Robert B. Heilman, pp. 218-31. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1984.

Focuses on self-knowledge in Timon of Athens, discussing the Renaissance conception of self-knowledge and comparing Timon with such plays as King Lear, Macbeth, and Antony and Cleopatra. Heilman also examines Timon in relation to later, non-Shakespearean works, including Bertolt Brecht's The Good Woman of Setzuan.

Scott, William 0. "The Paradox of Timon's Self-Cursing." Shakespeare Quarterly 35, No. 3 (Autumn 1984): 290-304.

Examination of the role of speech in Timon of Athens in which the critic directs statements—especially curses—back on their speakers and analyzes "their conscious and sometimes unconscious function as utterances by the characters, [and] the ways in which they reflect on their speakers, often undermining them."

Swigg, R. "Timon of Athens and the Growth of Discrimination." The Modern Language Review 62, No. 3 (July 1967): 385-94.

Evaluating Timon of Athens from a moral perspective, Swigg contends that the work fosters the development of a "critical sense which can discern true value amidst the confusion of mixed motives and wrong associations."

Vickers, Brian. "Tragic Prose: Clowns, Villains, Madmen." In The Artistry of Shakespeare's Prose, pp. 331-404. London: Methuen & Co. Ltd., 1968.

Arguing that Timon of Athens contains elements of tragedy, satire, comedy, and allegory, Vickers asserts that the prose scenes mirror this combined structure and reflect the general shifting of the play toward Timon's misanthropy.

Walker, Lewis. "Fortune and Friendship in Timon of Athens." Texas Studies in Literature and Language XVIII, No. 4 (Winter 1977): 577-600.

Examines how the Renaissance notion of Fortune as a "controlling goddess" shapes Timon of Athens.

Wilson, Harold S. "Antithesis: Troilus and Cressida and Timon of Athens." In On the Design of Shakespearian Tragedy, pp. 115-56. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1957.

Contends that Timon of Athens is a "dramatization of a state of mind," in which Shakespeare develops misanthropic mood through poetic verse.