Those Winter Sundays

by Robert Hayden

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Student Question

What is the structure of the poem "Those Winter Sundays"?

Quick answer:

The structure of "Those Winter Sundays" consists of fourteen lines, similar to a sonnet, but it lacks a specific meter or rhyme scheme. Unlike traditional sonnets, it is divided into three stanzas and does not follow the typical question-answer format. The poem is retrospective, expressing the speaker's regret for not appreciating his father's sacrifices, culminating in a rhetorical, self-recriminating question.

Expert Answers

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The poem contains fourteen lines, the same structure as a sonnet. However, Hayden does not adhere to the meter or rhyme scheme of either a Shakespearean or Petrarchan sonnet. Moreover, sonnets are usually not divided into stanzas, whereas Hayden divides the poem into three. It does not pose a question or a problem that is answered or addressed in another part of the poem, as some sonnets are.

The poem is spoken from a retrospective viewpoint as the speaker reminisces about the sacrifices his father made for himself and his family. The poem ends with a rhetorical question that reads as self-recrimination. He clearly communicates the regret he feels for not expressing his appreciation for the effort his father put forth in working to support the family as well as being the one who would rise early to build the fire to warm the house and perform other chores to make life more comfortable for the speaker. Only later in life does the speaker come to fully understand and appreciate what his father had done for him.

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