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What criticisms exist about Theodore Roosevelt's presidency?
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Theodore Roosevelt's presidency is criticized for his imperialistic actions in Panama, where he supported a revolution to facilitate the Panama Canal's construction, reflecting imperialism. Critics also highlight his egotism, seen in his split from the Republican Party in 1912, and his racist beliefs, which included views on racial hierarchy and "race suicide." His aggressive foreign policy, particularly in the Caribbean and the Philippines, is also condemned for undermining self-governance in non-white nations.
President Theodore Roosevelt's biggest criticism has to do with how he managed the construction and completion of the Panama Canal.
The initial digging of the canal was started by the French in 1880, but the harsh terrain and diseases got the best of them. They ran into losses, and after nine years, they were ready to sell the project. President Roosevelt was very much interested in the deal, but Congress was not for it, because of the risk factors faced by the French. Luckily, the Senate helped him get a lifeline, saying that they would only spend $40 million for the purchase.
The French were willing to sell, but there was a problem. Colombia controlled Panama, and they wanted their share of the money. Since no one was willing to spend more than they wanted to, the deal almost broke down.
President Roosevelt decided to overthrow Panama's administration at the time and bring in leaders that were more supportive of his plan. In the end, the plan worked and Roosevelt got his canal.
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Perhaps the most controversial decision Theodore Roosevelt made during his presidency was his intervention in Panama. Because he wanted to finish the construction of the Panama Canal (after the French had begun, then abandoned, the project), he had a hand in organizing the revolution that overthrew the government of Panama. Roosevelt sent US Navy warships that helped to gain Panamanian independence. However, the new government was guided by a constitution that was written by Americans in terms favorable to US interests in opening the shipping lanes. Roosevelt's critics see it as imperialism.
Although Roosevelt invited Booker T. Washington to dine at the White House at one point, in a 1905 speech to the New York City Republican Club, he made some racist remarks. Roosevelt referred to whites as a "forward race" and minorities as "backwards" races.
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As with any president, Theodore Roosevelt has his critics. Some of the most common reasons for criticizing him are:
- He was excessively egotistical. He felt that, even after he left office, his vision should be carried out. He handpicked William Taft as his successor but then became unhappy with Taft’s actions in office. Therefore, he ran against Taft in the 1912 primaries. When he lost, he decided to run as a third party candidate, thus dividing the Republican Party and allowing the Democrats to win the election.
- He was racist. Roosevelt did not just believe that white people were superior to non-whites. He also believed, as was fairly common at the time, that some kinds of white people were better than others. He feared that the best white people of the US (essentially what we would call White Anglo-Saxon Protestants) would commit “race suicide” by intermarrying with the lower kinds of whites and/or by not having enough children while the lower races had more children.
- He was overly aggressive in his foreign policy. Roosevelt believed that the US should be able to do essentially whatever it wanted in the Caribbean and in American territories like the Philippines. He did not worry about letting people from such places have independence or self-government. He felt, perhaps because these people were non-white, that they could not govern themselves properly and that the US should step in and take control whenever it deemed it necessary.
All of these are criticisms of Theodore Roosevelt that are at least somewhat common today.
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