illustration of Kate and Petruchio standing and staring at one another

The Taming of the Shrew

by William Shakespeare

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Themes: Social Class

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The Taming of the Shrew can be read as a satirical portrayal of upper-class arrogance. The play begins with a rich lord playing a prank on an unsuspecting, low-class drunkard. The upper class playing with the lives of the poor continues throughout the play. Lucentio switches places with his servant, and Hortensio and Lucentio pretend to be part of the lower class. Petruchio tames Katherine in part by abusing his servants and workers. In this way, the poor become a prop through which rich men enforce their wills. Each time a low-class character is on stage, they are used to further the schemes of the rich. There is cruel irony in Hortensio’s rejection of Bianca after she dares to show affection for a teacher, while he himself is dressed as a low-class music instructor. The rich can use the poor, but they have no greater place or recognition for the lower classes. This point is reinforced when the frame story does not come back at the end of the play. We never see what happens to Christopher Sly and the lord after the completion of the play-within-a-play. This is perhaps another way of saying that it does not matter. Since the lord has had his entertainment, the fate of Sly is not worth exploring.

Expert Q&A

Why was Katherina's father delaying Bianca's marriage despite excellent offers in The Taming of the Shrew?

Katherina's father, Baptista, delays Bianca's marriage for two reasons. First, it adheres to the tradition of marrying off the eldest daughter before the younger, as seen in historical and biblical contexts. Second, Baptista uses Bianca's marriage prospects as leverage to find a husband for the difficult Katherina, essentially making Bianca "bait" to entice suitors for her sister. Ironically, Katherina's eventual marriage proves more fulfilling than Bianca's.

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Themes: Play Within a Play: Disguise and Performance

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