The Chivalric Code

At the heart of Baldwin's Story of Roland lies the chivalric code, a guiding principle of knightly conduct. This code champions virtues such as courtesy, honesty, generosity, and mercy. While a chivalric hero mirrors the courage, valor, and physical might of his predecessors found in heroic literature like Beowulf, he is also expected to embody elegance and courtliness. Unlike his forebears, the chivalric hero often boasts proficiency in foreign tongues and the arts, excelling in music, poetry, and endeavors such as hunting, falconry, and chess. Above all, modesty, humility, and genuine Christian faith define him.

The Central Figure: Charlemagne

Charlemagne stands as the axis around which the other heroes orbit. As a sovereign of immense power and nobility, his concerns extend beyond his own dominion, encompassing the defense of Christendom against the formidable Saracen foes, primarily the Moors of Spain. Yet, Charlemagne's adherence to the chivalric ideal is not flawless. He partakes in trivial disputes with subsidiary rulers under his command, and his decisions frequently invite scrutiny or criticism from his knights. In this way, he becomes a foil, highlighting the capabilities and virtues of his most esteemed knights, much like how certain knights in Arthurian tales surpass King Arthur in nobility and skill.

Roland and His Companions

At the forefront of Charlemagne's knights is the indomitable Roland, his nephew. Although the book is titled The Story of Roland, the narrative is not solely his. Beginning with Roland's youth and concluding with his downfall, the tale also showcases a host of other noble figures. Ogier the Dane, nearly as central as Roland, alongside Reinold and Roland's dearest friend, Oliver, represent the pinnacle of Charlemagne's court. Despite their valor, these knights are not without their flaws. One of the book's most extensive adventures, Roland's pursuit of Hector of Troy's armor, exemplifies a flawed quest that ends in failure. Reinold, for instance, treasures his magnificent horse, Bayard, whose prowess directly influences his success. The loss and eventual recovery of Bayard stirs profound emotions within Reinold.

Supporting Characters

Among the captivating minor figures populating the story are Malagis, the dwarf-magician and former protégé of Merlin from Arthurian lore; Angelica, the Princess of Cathay, who transforms from foe to ally; Bradamant, a formidable female warrior; Morgan the Fay, who acts as protector to Ogier the Dane; and the envious Ganelon, whose betrayal ultimately seals Roland's fate.