In his speeches, Malcolm X consistently underscored the transformative power of education, often referring to the contributions of black historians. These references highlight his own perceived gaps in education, particularly regarding black history. Although his knowledge of street life was extensive and firsthand, his grasp of black sociology was more anecdotal, lacking the depth of formal study. Similarly, his understanding of Islam and its historical context was not comprehensive, reflecting his broader educational challenges.

A significant limitation of Malcolm's movement was its lack of a clearly defined agenda. His role can be seen in the lineage of black leadership in Harlem, akin to figures like Sufi Abdul Hamid and Marcus Garvey, who each heralded the coming of a black renaissance. While Malcolm eloquently articulated pervasive issues and proposed pathways to progress, he departed the scene before substantial changes could be realized. Nonetheless, he convinced many of the efficacy of self-help, aligning with the core American ethos as a viable strategy for immediate societal improvements. He advocated for voting, emphasizing its role in fostering self-governance and boosting community self-esteem. Yet, his ideas were continuously evolving, resulting in varying perceptions among those who knew him; the Malcolm X one person remembers might differ significantly from another's recollections.

Eschewing ghostwriters, Malcolm X typically spoke extemporaneously, utilizing the vernacular of his community infused with gestures, humor, and the fervor of traditional black preaching. His speeches were marked by a unique blend of apparent scholarly insight and emotional resonance, leaving a profound impact on his audiences. He adeptly fielded questions, responding with grace and clarity, though he could also be sharply confrontational if provoked. Widely acknowledged as one of the most dynamic and compelling orators of his time, Malcolm's legacy endures through the extensive literature dedicated to his life and speeches, securing his place among the most influential black voices in history.