September 1, 1939

by W. H. Auden

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September 1, 1939

In "September 1, 1939," Auden uses personification to imbue abstract concepts and inanimate objects with human traits. For example, "clever hopes expire" gives hope the human ability to die, and "the...

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September 1, 1939

In "September 1, 1939," the narrator reflects on the pervasive mood of fear and violence at the onset of World War II, suggesting that evil begets evil. Auden explores the philosophical futility of...

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September 1, 1939

The poem "September 1, 1939" illustrates political power manipulation through Hitler's deceptive strategies and broken promises, such as the non-aggression pacts with Poland and the Soviet Union. It...

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