Themes: Genius vs. Conformity

It is common to point out that geniuses tend to be individuals rather than conformists. Emerson does make this observation, but he goes much further, making the more radical argument that it is this refusal to conform that makes one a genius. Emerson sees this quality of individualism as existing naturally in children, animals, and even plants. Roses, he says, do not imitate other roses. They are entirely themselves.

According to Emerson, this...

Themes: Transcendent Experience

Although the essayis called “Self-Reliance,” Emerson warns readers that this title does not altogether capture its subject. The highest truth “remains unsaid; probably cannot be said.” This is the point where Emerson’s Transcendentalist philosophy comes to the fore, and he writes as a poet and mystic, even in his prose. The style becomes quite different from the tightly argued, logical, aphoristic prose that characterizes the rest of the essay....

Themes: The Paradox of Imitation

Emerson asserts that “Shakespeare will never be made by the study of Shakespeare.” He later points out that great individuals who in any way resemble Socrates or Anaxagoras will never be followers of Socrates or Anaxagoras. This paradox is linked to the idea that “imitation is suicide.” The more one follows the great individuals of history, admires them, and relies on their opinions, the less one will resemble them. Socrates did not rely on the...

Themes: Self-Reliance

In "Self-Reliance," Emerson champions the idea of trusting oneself and embracing individuality. He urges readers to rely on their inner voice and intuition rather than conforming to societal expectations. Emerson argues that true self-reliance involves a deep trust in one's own thoughts and beliefs, which leads to personal growth and a higher spiritual understanding. This theme is central to his philosophy, advocating for personal integrity and...

Themes: Individualism

In "Self-Reliance," Ralph Waldo Emerson champions the theme of individualism, urging people to trust themselves and resist societal conformity. Emerson believes that true greatness comes from following one's own instincts and ideas, even if they contradict past beliefs or societal norms. He emphasizes the importance of self-reliance and the courage to be misunderstood in the pursuit of personal truth.

Emerson criticizes the fear of inconsistency,...

Themes: Nonconformity

In "Self-Reliance," Emerson champions the theme of nonconformity as essential to individualism and personal growth. He argues that true self-reliance requires rejecting societal expectations and trusting one's own instincts and ideas. Nonconformity, according to Emerson, is the path to realizing one's unique potential and achieving a fulfilling life.

Emerson defines nonconformity as a commitment to self-trust and the rejection of societal...