illustration of the back of main character Lily Owens's head with a honeycomb background

The Secret Life of Bees

by Sue Monk Kidd

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Themes: Race Relations

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In 1964 South Carolina, racial segregation was strictly enforced. The Secret Life of Bees takes place in the months following the passage of the Civil Rights Act that July, and the narrative deeply explores racial themes. Rosaleen encounters trouble when she is harassed by racists while attempting to register to vote, and societal norms hinder Zach and Lily from expressing their feelings for each other. The name "Our Lady of Chains" symbolizes a figure free from the chains of slavery. Initially, Lily feels too self-conscious about her whiteness to openly touch the statue of Our Lady, opting instead to do so in secret. Sue Monk Kidd explores different characters' reactions to racial issues. Lily imagines a perfect world where "everybody being colorless together" is standard. In contrast, Zach becomes more determined to fight racial injustice after being wrongfully arrested and detained by the racist local police. April Boatwright's lifelong depression, stemming from being denied ice cream at a whites-only establishment, ultimately leads to her suicide, and her twin sister, May, takes her own life after Zach's racially motivated arrest. By the novel’s end, race relations show signs of personal improvement. Rosaleen successfully registers to vote, and Zach becomes a trailblazer by integrating Tiburon's previously segregated high school.

Expert Q&A

What are some quotes on racism in The Secret Life of Bees?

There are many quotes about racism in The Secret Life of Bees, like when Lily says, “I decided everybody being colorless together was a better plan.” Rosaleen also notes the complexities of systemic racism when she says “you gonna have to drag people kicking and screaming” to actually enforce the Civil Rights Act.

What is the meaning of the quote "We can't think of changing our skin. Change the world -that's how we gotta think." in 'The Secret Life of Bees'?

The quote highlights the futility of wishing to change inherent traits, like skin color, and emphasizes focusing on altering the world instead. It suggests that instead of trying to change unchangeable aspects of ourselves, we should aim to transform societal attitudes, prejudices, and stereotypes. The quote encourages proactive efforts to change the world, implying that real change comes from shifting mindsets and challenging discriminatory beliefs.

How does racial segregation manifest in chapter three of The Secret Life of Bees?

Racial segregation in Chapter Three is evident through societal norms and personal biases. Lily and Rosaleen face discrimination when Rosaleen explains they cannot stay in a hotel due to her being "colored." Lily's acceptance of segregation is shown when she enters a store alone, knowing Rosaleen would be refused service. Signs supporting Goldwater, who opposed the Civil Rights Act, highlight the town's conservative stance. Additionally, a newspaper reports a motel closing rather than integrating.

In "The Secret Life of Bees", what does Zach's desire to join a white school reveal about him?

Zach's desire to join a white school in "The Secret Life of Bees" reveals his ambition and courage. He seeks a superior education to achieve his goal of becoming a lawyer and is willing to challenge societal norms despite the risks involved. His determination highlights his intelligence and dedication to personal growth and civil rights, as he aims to overcome racial barriers prevalent in the South during that era.

Lily and Zach's Relationship in The Secret Life of Bees

In The Secret Life of Bees, the relationship between Lily and Zach evolves from friendship to a deep romantic bond, complicated by the racial tensions of the 1960s South. Despite their mutual affection, societal norms make their relationship taboo. Zach is driven by a desire to change the world and overcome racial barriers, while Lily is attracted to his intelligence and ambition. Their connection grows through shared experiences and aspirations, though Lily's youthful idealism sometimes clashes with harsh realities.

Examples of injustice and prejudice in The Secret Life of Bees

Examples of injustice and prejudice in The Secret Life of Bees include the racial discrimination faced by African American characters, such as Rosaleen's arrest and beating for attempting to vote. Additionally, the societal norms in the 1960s South create environments of systemic racism and segregation, impacting the lives of the characters throughout the novel.

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