Now that Chillingworth knows Dimmesdale’s secret, he intends to exact his revenge. He becomes a cruel, calculating man and takes every opportunity he can to hurt the minister. His torture is subtle, however, and the reverend isn’t able to pinpoint exactly what has changed about Chillingworth. His former “friend” becomes a kind of enemy, and Dimmesdale comes to hate him. Still, the minister is tortured by his guilt, and he fears that his distrust of Chillingworth stems from this guilt rather than from Chillingworth’s own actions. He doesn’t confront his enemy and instead suffers in silence.

Meanwhile, Dimmesdale becomes even more popular as a minister. His sensitivity makes it easy to relate to his flock, who admire him over the older, more learned scholars in Boston. This emotional and sensitive nature stems from his guilt, which keeps him from climbing to higher ranks. He instead remains on the same level as his parishioners. Most of the girls in his church fall in love with him. Elderly citizens expect him to die first and wish to be buried near him.

This popularity only makes Dimmesdale worse. It weighs heavily on his conscience and leads him to think of himself as a kind of pollution. He fantasizes about standing at the pulpit and confessing his sins. Several times, he denigrates himself in front of his flock, referring to himself as “a thing of unimaginable iniquity,” but this only makes them love him more. In response, Dimmesdale starts to whip himself with a scourge. He stands in front of a mirror, telling himself he’s evil. He sees angels and demons around him and imagines Pearl pointing first at her mother’s scarlet letter A and then at his chest.

One night, Dimmesdale has an idea. He rushes out the door.

Allusions

Metaphor

Symbols