illustration of a scarlet ibis cradling a boy's body

The Scarlet Ibis

by James Hurst

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Themes: Martyrdom: Doodle as Christ Figure

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“The Scarlet Ibis” features subtle religious symbolism. Aunt Nicey identifies the caul (or amniotic membrane) in which Doodle is born as a holy symbol, since cauls are made from “Jesus’s nightgown.” As Doodle grows, his character takes on some of the qualities of a Christ figure. He displays a compassion for living things and a oneness with nature. On his first visit to Old Woman Swamp, his eyes light with wonder and he begins to cry, moved and delighted by the beauty of the place where he and his brother weave wire grass into crowns. He tells fantastic stories of colorful wings and a paradisiacal world, and despite his brother’s cruelty, Doodle always treats the narrator with love and affection. Like Jesus, Doodle is a model of tolerance, a visionary with compelling ideas about a better world, and an advocate for the weak (as illustrated by his compassionate burial of the scarlet ibis). The bird is clearly linked with Doodle in the narrator’s mind, and thus its symbolic death, perhaps echoing Jesus’s death on the cross (with the “bleeding” tree and the scarlet and white colors traditionally associated with the Passion of Christ), foreshadows Doodle’s demise. Finally, Doodle is a transformative force in his brother’s life. As the narrator weeps over his brother’s body, he seems to recognize his error: Doodle has died for his sins. Just as Jesus died to redeem mankind, Doodle dies and redeems his brother.

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Doodle's Role and Death in "The Scarlet Ibis"

In James Hurst's "The Scarlet Ibis," Doodle, a physically fragile child, dies from exhaustion after being pushed beyond his limits by his brother. Despite overcoming many challenges, Doodle's heart fails during a storm, paralleling the fate of the titular bird. His death is a result of his brother's pride and desire for normalcy, highlighting themes of acceptance and the consequences of pushing someone too hard. Doodle's character embodies the central conflict of man versus nature and man versus man in the story.

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