Illustration of Henry Fleming in a soldier's uniform in front of a confederate flag and an American flag

The Red Badge of Courage

by Stephen Crane

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Themes: Appearance vs. Reality

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Henry Fleming holds onto romantic and self-centered illusions about his role in the world and the essence of war. Crane outlines the journey of growth and the shift in understanding as the young man matures and re-evaluates his perception of reality. Humans must believe they are rational beings whose minds can direct and give meaning to their actions. However, Crane shows that people are influenced not only by their illusions and instincts but also by larger social and cosmic forces. Instead of portraying a glorified or idealized view of war, Crane presents its opposite—chaotic and brutal savagery. On the other hand, the book and film Gone With the Wind provide a romanticized depiction of the Civil War.

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Themes: Coming of Age

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Themes: Alienation and Loneliness

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