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The Parnassian poets represented a significant branch of the realist movement in literature. Choose one of these poets from the Parnassian movement to study: Leconte de Lisle, Albert Glatigny, Theodore de Banville, François Coppée, Leon Dierx, or Jose Maria de Heredia. Provide a concise biography of the poet, along with an overview of his literary achievements and notable works. Discuss how the poet incorporates elements of Realism in his poetry.

The realist movement in literature drew initial inspiration from the artworks of French artist Gustave Courbet, especially his paintings “The Stone-Breakers” and “Burial at Ornans.” Explore Courbet's life and body of work. Write an essay that includes a biography of Courbet and a summary of his artistic career. Then, choose one of his paintings to describe, highlighting the Realism elements present in the artwork.

During the latter half of the nineteenth century, Realism in literature evolved alongside significant advancements in photography. Investigate the history of photography from 1830 to 1900. What major technical innovations and discoveries defined photography during this era? What kinds of photographs were being captured at the time? Locate reproductions of early photographs from this period and compare the style of photography to that of your contemporary culture.

Compose a short story that integrates the principles and key stylistic features of Realism. Explain which aspects of your story align with the conventions of realist literature.

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