BIOGRAPHY

Crowley, John W. The Dean of American Letters: The Late Career of William Dean Howells. Amherst: University of Amherst Press, 1999, 146 p.

Biographical essay on American writer and editor William Dean Howells.

Frank, Joseph. Dostoevsky, 4 vols. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1976.

Four-volume biography of Russian writer Fyodor Dostoyevsky.

Glendinning, Victoria. Anthony Trollope. New York: A. A. Knopf, 1992, 551 p.

Biography of English writer Anthony Trollope.

Kaplan, Fred. Henry James: The Imagination of Genius: A Biography. New York: Morrow, 1992, 620 p.

Biography of American writer Henry James.

Rayfield, Donald. Anton Chekhov: A Life. New York: Henry Holt, 1998, 674 p.

Biography of Russian writer Anton Chekhov.

Robb, Graham. Balzac: A Life. New York: Norton, 1994, 521 p.

Biography of French writer Honore de Balzac.

Schapiro, Leonard Bertram. Turgenev, His Life and Times. New York: Random House, 1978, 382 p.

Biography of Russian writer Ivan Turgenev.

Smiley, Jane. Charles Dickens. New York: Viking, 2002, 212 p.

Concise biography of English writer Charles Dickens.

Wall, Geoffrey. Flaubert, a Life. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2001, 413 p.

Biography of French writer Gustave Flaubert.

Wallace, A. H. Guy de Maupassant. New York: Twayne, 1973, 156 p.

Brief overview of the life and work of French writer Guy de Maupassant.

Ward, Geoffrey C., and Dayton Duncan. Mark Twain. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2001, 269 p.

Biography of Mark Twain (nee Samuel Clemens).

Wilson, A. N. Tolstoy. New York: Norton, 1988, 572 p.

Biography of Russian writer Leo Tolstoy.

CRITICISM

Farrant, Tim. Balzac's Shorter Fictions: Genesis and Genre. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002, 356 p.

Historical and critical exploration of the short fiction of Honore de Balzac.

Fusco, Richard. Maupassant and the American Short Story: The Influence of Form at the Turn of the Century. University Park, PA.: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1994, 230 p.

Analysis of the influence of Guy de Maupassant on the American short story.

Johnson, Ronald L. Anton Chekhov: A Study of the Short Fiction. New York: Twayne, 1993, 165 p.

Full-length critical examination of the short fiction of Anton Chekhov.

Lee, A. Robert. The Nineteenth-Century American Short Story. London: Barnes and Noble, 1985, 196 p.

Concise overview of developments in nineteenth-century American short fiction.

May, Charles E. “Nineteenth-Century Realism.” In The Short Story: The Reality of Artifice, pp. 42-61. New York: Twayne, 1995.

Provides an overview of nineteenth-century short fiction by major authors, including realists Ivan Turgenev, Henry James, and Anton Chekhov.

Moser, Charles A., editor. The Russian Short Story: A Critical History. Boston: Twayne, 1986, 232 p.

Critical overview of developments in the Russian short story.

Navakas, Francine G. “The Case for Trollope's Short Stories.” Modern Philology 83, (November 1995): 172-8.

Critical examination of Trollope's collection of short stories.

O'Toole, L. Michael. Structure, Style, and Interpretation in the Russian Short Story. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1982, 272 p.

Discussion of the Russian short story in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Petrey, Sandy. Realism and Revolution: Balzac, Stendhal, Zola, and the Performance of History. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1988, 211 p.

Critical discussion of literary realism and French political thought in the nineteenth century.