Arkady Makarovitch Dolgoruky

Arkady Makarovitch Dolgoruky, the narrator of "A Raw Youth," is characterized by his raw talent juxtaposed with a lack of social grace. His quest for self-understanding is complicated by his ambiguous social position and unconventional family ties. Legally the son of a servant, yet biologically the offspring of an aristocrat, Arkady embodies a volatile temperament typical of Russian literary figures. This duality manifests in a complex mix of personal ambition and emotional contradictions. Arkady is driven by aspirations to become a "Rothschild," signifying immense wealth and influence, yet he struggles with a dichotomy of low selfishness versus high ideals and a profound love for others. His unpredictable behavior swings from vehement outbursts to affectionate displays, underscoring his unrefined and misdirected nature.

Despite these contradictions, Arkady is keenly aware of his inner conflicts and is committed to cultivating a virtuous life. His self-awareness and humility, born from recognizing his internal division, bring him close to what the author considers true holiness. His internal strife often manifests physically, exemplified during his nine-day illness, a period that symbolizes his inner turmoil and subsequent awakening under Makar's influence. Arkady's journey is marked by a powerful capacity for solitude, reflecting his internal dialogues and struggles, as he strives to reconcile his divided self in pursuit of personal growth.

Andrei Versilov

Andrei Versilov, Arkady’s biological father, is an aristocrat with a multifaceted reputation. Initially shrouded in mystery to Arkady and the readers, his character is gradually unveiled through Arkady's evolving perspective. As a child, Arkady idolizes Versilov for his apparent challenge to societal hypocrisy and intellectual superficiality. However, this admiration gives way to feelings of neglect, leading Arkady into a period of bitterness and solitary dreaming. Upon reuniting with his family, Arkady's animosity diminishes as he begins to appreciate Versilov’s ideals, particularly his vision of a utopian society free from divine influence.

Despite his noble aspirations, Versilov’s rejection of religion, symbolized by his act of breaking an icon, highlights his tragic flaw; his lack of faith ultimately undermines his endeavors. Dostoevski presents Versilov's internal conflict as a persistent duality, one that continues despite attempts at reconciliation. By the novel's end, Versilov acknowledges his baser instincts, understanding that they remain an integral part of his identity, even as he strives for self-improvement.

Makar Dolgoruky

Makar Dolgoruky, Arkady’s legal father, embodies the life of a religious pilgrim, marked by profound spirituality that extends beyond mere ideology. After losing his wife, Sofia, to Versilov, Makar dedicates his life to wandering Russia, finding solace in spiritual shrines. His resignation is so deep that it is devoid of pride, even in his devoutness, impacting those around him, particularly Arkady. During Arkady’s illness, Makar’s presence offers a counterbalance to Arkady's material pursuits, presenting a vision of joy and mystery that contrasts starkly with the worldly concerns of the Versilov household.

Makar’s humble joy serves as a stark contrast to the turmoil and unhappiness surrounding him, embodying a peace that Arkady eventually learns to cherish. Despite Makar's frailty and eventual death, his enduring influence facilitates Arkady’s transformation, symbolizing the potential for inner peace and integration. His perspective on life persists beyond Versilov's weaknesses, leaving a lasting impression on those he encounters.

Sofia Dolgoruky

Sofia Dolgoruky, Makar's wife and Arkady’s mother by Versilov, stands as a steadfast figure amidst the chaos of the narrative. Her past affair with Versilov, though passionate and fraught with consequences, becomes a wellspring of humility and penance. Sofia’s religious faith serves as her anchor through life's trials, focusing on salvation rather than worldly success. Her quiet strength and selflessness provide unwavering support to Versilov and Arkady, making her the sole source of consistent love and tenderness in their lives.

Her ability to inspire love and tranquility in times of turmoil underscores her integral role in the story, offering a haven of happiness and redemption. Sofia’s dual nature, embodied in her past affair and her humility in acknowledging it, reveals the author’s vision of true piety. Her enduring emotional connection to Versilov, even as he fluctuates between his better and baser selves, underscores her consistent presence and influence on those around her.