Jesus of Nazareth

Jesus of Nazareth stands as the central figure, embodying the poet’s religious ideals and philosophy. He is portrayed as reasonable, intelligent, and holy. As the beloved Son of God, proclaimed at his baptism, he ventures into the desert to meditate on his destiny as the Savior of humankind. Jesus's self-communion and troubled dreams highlight his humanity, preventing him from becoming merely a theological abstraction. His triumph over both physical and spiritual temptations not only conquers Satan but also redeems humankind from the fall precipitated by Adam and Eve's succumbing to temptation.

Satan

Satan is depicted as the astute yet unscrupulous tempter, the mighty ruler of Hell. Unlike his portrayal as a grand yet tainted rebel in Paradise Lost, here he is a deceitful trickster. While his selection of temptations for Jesus reveals cunning, his lack of divine comprehension results in a deficit of true wisdom. Overwhelmed by the unwavering strength and virtue of Jesus, Satan degenerates into impotent fury. Ultimately, his own violence turns against him, leading to his second, complete defeat.

God the Father

God the Father, depicted as omniscient and infinitely wise, foresees the temptations that Jesus will face, along with their outcomes. He shares these revelations with Gabriel, setting the celestial stage for the events that unfold.

Gabriel

Gabriel, the angel of the Annunciation, is entrusted with the knowledge of God's prophetic plan. His role reinforces the divine framework within which Jesus's trials are to be understood and endured.

John the Baptist

John the Baptist, characterized as the trumpet-voiced “great Proclaimer,” plays a pivotal role. It is during the baptism of Jesus by John that Satan becomes aware of his formidable adversary among men.

Mary the Mother of Jesus

Mary, the Mother of Jesus, is portrayed as pure-hearted and serene, yet deeply concerned over the prolonged absence of her son. Her maternal worry adds a layer of human emotion to the divine narrative.

Belial

Belial, a self-indulgent fallen angel, lustful in nature, perceives lust as the ultimate temptation. He advises Satan to employ women in his attempts to seduce Jesus, a suggestion that Satan disdainfully rejects, highlighting their difference in approach and ambition.