playing card, a two of clubs, in the center next to a hunting knife

The Outcasts of Poker Flat

by Bret Harte

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Student Question

What does the rescue party discover at the end of "The Outcasts of Poker Flat"?

Quick answer:

The rescue party in "The Outcasts of Poker Flat" finds the bodies of the Dutchess and Piney Woods locked in each other's arms, indistinguishable in death, as the snow erases their pasts. They also discover John Oakhurst's body beneath a tree, marked by a deuce of clubs, symbolizing his suicide. Oakhurst, depicted as both the strongest and weakest of the outcasts, chose to end his life rather than return to town for help.

Expert Answers

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The rescue party first comes upon the cabin where the outcasts had been snow-bound at the end of the story.  There, they find the Dutchess and Piney Woods, where the author states, "you could scarcely have told from the equal peace that dwelt upon them, which was she that had sinned."  The cold and snow has taken away all traces of the Dutchess's sin and revealed that in death, both sinner and virgin are the same.  Thus, the party left them locked in each other's arms, embracing in death.  Finally, the rescue party comes to a gulch where the deuce of clubs (the lowest card in a poker hand) is tacked to a tree, and beneath lies the body of John Oakhurst.  Oakhurst had killed himself with his gun, because, as the author notes, he "was at once the strongest and yet the weakest of the outcasts of Poker Flat."  He had left the two women to fend for themselves, knowing that he wasn't going to make it back to town to reach a rescue party.

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