Discussion Topic
The Stage Manager's portrayal of death in "Our Town" and the speeches of the dead in Act III
Summary:
In "Our Town," the Stage Manager portrays death as a natural and inevitable part of life, emphasizing its ordinariness and the continuity of existence. The speeches of the dead in Act III reflect a sense of acceptance and detachment, as they observe the living with a calm, almost indifferent perspective, highlighting the transient nature of human concerns.
In Act III of Our Town, how does the Stage Manager highlight the universality of death?
In Our Town by Thornton Wilder, the last act is reserved for the part of life that comes to all—Death. The graveyard is the ultimate equalizer. Whether a person is the mayor or the town drunk, everyone someday will come to rest among his ancestors. In Grover’s Corner as in all cemeteries, the tombstones indicate how much time has passed from the first grave to the last. Nine years have gone by since the Act II.
The Stage Manager takes the audience through the old part of the cemetery and comments on the dates of the first graves. These were people who dared to come to a new land and were willing to invest their new homes.
He also discusses genealogy. People pay genealogists to come to the old cemeteries and look up their relatives to see if they qualify for the Daughters of the American Revolution. To the...
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Stage Manager, it is all right to do this…but he thinks that human beings do a lot of nonsense.
On a more serious note, [Remember that the Civil War was only about 40 years in the past] the Stage Manager notes the graves of men who fought in the Civil War. These men believed that the country should stay the United States of America, and they were willing to die for that cause.
Most cemeteries have a new section. The old section runs out of room, so a new part is begun. The Manager lists some names that have been important to the play: Mrs. Gibbs, Mr. Stimson, Mrs. Soames, and Wallace Webb are in the new section.
A place like the cemetery is filled with sadness and grief. People come to the graveyard not knowing how they will be able to go on living without their loved ones. The passing of time, summers, rainy days…then everyone is glad that their loved ones are in such a beautiful place.
The Stage Manager gives a little sermon on spirituality and dying:
People know that there is something that is eternal. It cannot necessarily be seen. It is a feeling that everyone has. The great philosophers for 5,000 years have been talking about this eternity.
“There’ something way down deep that’s eternal about every human being.”
Speaking as though the dead have thoughts and feelings after they die, the Stage Manager says that the dead do not stay interested in the living for very long. The dead forget about the things that they loved on earth even the people.
“They get weaned away from earth—that’s the way I put it,--weaned away.
They wait while the earthly human part goes away…then they wait for something big that is going to come. The Stage Manager says that “they are waitin’ for the eternal part in them to come out clear?”
There is nothing left when the memory of being human is gone…not even a recollection from wherever a person comes. There are many types of burial places, but when the one who is dead is left in the burial place, a part of the loved ones’ hearts are left with here in the cemetery. The Stage Manager pauses and sees the people who take care of the cemetery. They have prepared a grave for Emily Webb Gibbs…
Discuss the speeches of the dead in Act III of Our Town. How does the Stage Manager view death?
Mother Gibbs, when does this feeling go away?--Of being...one of them?
The Stage Manager tells the audience that the dead begin to separate themselves from the living. They forget about human life, and even their own names. In Act III, Our Town by Thornton Wilder, there has been a death. The grave has been prepared, and the mourners surround the casket and the grave. Sadly, it is raining, symbolic of the loss of someone who was too young to die.
As the graveside service continues, the mourners are unaware of the dead seated in the chairs representative of their grave sites. The dead begin to speak. The audience learns that Emily Webb Gibbs has died in childbirth. Mrs. Gibbs does remember that Emily was her daughter-in-law. Mrs. Soames tells Mrs. Gibbs that she had forgotten about childbirth and adds that life was terrible. Mrs. Gibbs still recalls that life could be wonderful as well. The alcoholic who committed suicide, Mr. Stimson sarcastically repeats Mrs. Gibbs comment denoting his unhappiness when he was alive.
None of these dead have fully disconnected from the living. Mrs. Soames reminisces about Emily’s lovely wedding, remembering that she had even visited Emily and George on their new farm. Several of the unknown dead comment on the quality of the Gibbs' new farm.
The dead seem to retain some of the qualities of their personalities in death. Mrs. Gibbs comments on life being wonderful; Mrs. Soames indicates that life could be terrible and chatters on; and Mr. Stimson, so unhappy in life seems equally disturbed in death.
As if she were in a trance, Emily joins the dead in her grave next to her mother-in-law. Detachment from the living has not come to Emily yet, and she is drawn to the mourners who are still circling the grave. In the background, the group is singing the hymn “Bless Be the Tie That Binds.” This was Emily’s favorite hymn.
As Emily waits, she tells Mrs. Gibbs that she and George used the money that she left them when she died to buy the farm. Mrs. Gibbs does not remember giving the money, nor is she interested in the details of the farm. Nervous and restless, Emily chatters on…until she realizes that the living do not understand what it feels like to be dead. The audience learns that Emily and George already had one son who was staying at the house of one of the other dead.
As Emily draws farther away from the living, she seems to understand that everyone lives within his own space:
They’re sort of shut up in little boxes, aren’t they? I feel as though I knew them last a thousand years ago….”
Obviously, Dr. Gibbs still misses his wife because he comes to her grave with flowers. Emily comments on how troubled the living are when they lose someone. She still feels a great love for her father-in-law; however, Mrs. Gibbs never looks at her husband.
After a time, the mourners leave the dead to the beautiful spot on the hill. The dead begin to discuss the weather without showing any emotion…