Illustration of a marlin in the water

The Old Man and the Sea

by Ernest Hemingway

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Student Question

What does Hemingway's quote suggest about the conflict between man and fish, and why does he reference the boy?

"'I'll kill him though,' he said. 'In all his greatness and his glory.' Although it is unjust, he thought. But I will show him what a man can do and what a man endures. 'I told the boy I was a strange old man,' he said. 'Now is when I must prove it.'"

Expert Answers

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Although Hemingway uses the word "man," in this context, it can refer to all humans. Until somewhat recently, "man" was often used in this way. It does not necessarily have to do with masculinity, but rather what we would refer to today as humanity. Today, using "man" to refer to all humans has largely been abandoned for more gender-inclusive language.

This quotation from The Old Man and the Sea relates to the idea of perseverance. Santiago is acknowledging that the fish's desire to live is as strong as his desire to kill it. However, he recognizes that he will triumph in the end, because he believes that a person's capacity to endure is greater than that of an animal. Although Santiago lives his life close to nature and makes his livelihood from it, he recognizes that people live apart from it.

Throughout the entire ordeal at sea, the old man wishes that the boy were there in the boat with him. This is why he thinks of Manolin so often. Practically speaking, he could use the boy's assistance in bringing in the marlin and fending off the sharks. However, there is a deeper reason too; Santiago desires a witness to his feats. He is lonely, and Manolin is one of his few companions. Throughout his struggle, he imagines what it would be like if the boy were there too and yearns for his company.

Manolin is also a reminder of Santiago's once-youthful strength. Although he no longer has the vitality that he had when he was Manolin's age, Santiago's thoughts of the boy become a source of inspiration to remind him of his past and present capabilities. Just thinking of the boy helps give him the motivation to endure.

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