Cohen, I. Bernard. Introduction to Newton's 'Principia'. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971, 380 p.

Book-length introduction to the Principia featuring a review of contemporary, eighteenth-, and nineteenth-century interest in the work; discussion of the problems of Newtonian scholarship; and analysis of Newton's writing, revision, and publication of the first and successive editions of Principia.

Hall, A. Rupert. All Was Light: An Introduction to Newton's Opticks. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993, 252 p.

Includes biographical discussion of Newton; examination of the experiments and lectures that provided the data for Opticks; and analysis of the development, content, and reception of Opticks.

Hanson, Norwood Russell. "Waves, Particles, and Newton's 'Fits'." Journal of the History of Ideas XXI (1960): 370-91.

Reviews the early scientific controversy between the competing wave and particle theories of light, and discusses Newton's contribution to the debate.

Harman, P. M. The Investigation of Difficult Things: Essays on Newton and the History of the Exact Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992, 531 p.

Collection of essays focusing on the history of mathematics and astronomy prior to Newton; analysis of several of Newton's scientific and alchemical writings, as well as the Principia; and the influence of Newton on eighteenth-century mathematics and physics and on the development of optics and dynamics.

McGuire, J. E. "Force, Active Principles, and Newton's Invisible Realm." Ambix XV, No.3 (October 1968): 154-208.

Argues that the basic tenets of Newton's natural philosophy can only be understood within the context of the larger theological framework that directed his work.

——. "Atoms and the 'Analogy of Nature': Newton's Third Rule of Philosophizing." Studies in History and Philosophy of Science I, No. 1 (1970): 3-38.

Analyzes Newton's "rule of philosophizing," which states that in the search for the "qualities of bodies" one must not "recede from the analogy of Nature, which uses to be simple, and always consonant to itself." McGuire maintains that this rule is not one of "induction" but "chiefly a transduction rule."

Newton-Smith, W. H. "Science, Rationality, and Newton." Queens Quarterly 95, No. 1 (Spring 1988): 19-35.

Examines how Newton and the Principia influenced the "nature of the scientific enterprise and our image of that enterprise." This discussion includes an exploration how others have used Newton within the context of the "debate concerning the rationality of science."

Peterfreund, Stuart. "Saving the Phenomenon or Saving the Hexameron?: Mosaic Self-Presentation in Newtonian Optics." The Eighteenth Century: Theory and Interpretation 32, No. 2 (Summer 1991): 139-65.

Studies the relationship between eighteenth-century theology and Newton's work in the field of optics.

Westfall, Richard S. "Newton's Scientific Personality." Journal of the History of Ideas XLVIII, No. 4 (October-December 1987): 551-70.

In examining Newton's "scientific personality," Westfall states that he refers to "the overt characteristics his career in science displayed." Westfall argues that Newton is today regarded as a scientific genius because his accomplishments coincided "with the central feature of the scientific revolution."

White, Michael. Isaac Newton: The Last Sorcerer. London: Fourth Estate, 1997, 402 p.

Explores the life and works of Newton to determine the influence of alchemical studies on Newton's scientific writings. Concludes that "the influence of Newton's researches in alchemy was the key to his world-changing discoveries in science."