Immigration is a central theme in My Antonia, highlighting the challenges and resilience of immigrant families seeking a better life in America. The novel, narrated by Jim Burden, focuses on Antonia Shimerda and her family's experiences as Bohemian immigrants. Their journey is marked by hardships and cultural adjustments, reflecting the broader immigrant experience.

Antonia's family arrives in America with hopes for a better future but faces numerous struggles. Language barriers are evident when Jim helps Antonia learn English, a common challenge for immigrants. The harsh realities of prairie life become overwhelming for Antonia's father, who was an artisan and violinist in Bohemia. Unable to adapt, he succumbs to despair and commits suicide, leaving the family to fend for themselves.

Antonia's journey is fraught with cultural conflicts and societal judgments. Her love for dancing and her status as an immigrant lead to discrimination, and she works as a servant to support her family. Her fiancé's abandonment further complicates her life, as she raises her child alone. Despite these challenges, Antonia remains determined to build a life in her new country.

Eventually, Antonia marries Anton Cuzak, another immigrant who shares her experiences and understands her struggles. Together, they create a fulfilling life, illustrating the potential for happiness and success despite the difficulties faced by immigrants. This partnership symbolizes the resilience and adaptability of immigrants in their pursuit of the American dream.