Illustration of Hero wearing a mask

Much Ado About Nothing

by William Shakespeare

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Themes: Gender Roles and Differences

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Given the evident centrality of the relationship between Beatrice and Benedick to the narrative line of Much Ado, one of the salient themes of the play necessarily revolves around gender, gender roles, and the differences between men and women. Through Beatrice and Benedick, this theme is enacted in playfully antagonistic terms. At the very start of the play, Leonato says to a messenger bringing word that Benedick will soon arrive in Messina's court: "You must not, sir, mistake my niece. There is a kind of merry war betwixt Signior Benedick and her: they never met but there's a skirmish of wit between them" (I.i.61-64). It is a duel of wits and of will that informs the relation between the two main characters of the play. Yet this is the tip of the iceberg. In Messina, there is a sharp demarcation between the respective worlds of men and women. According to the prevailing norms of Messinian society, men rule and are bound together by a quasi-military camaraderie, a male code of behavior that places high value on honor and on hierarchical rank. By contrast, women are expected to submit to men and their honor is defined in terms of its reflection upon the good repute of the closest males. Apart from this, however, as epitomized in Beatrice, the female world is compassionate and intuitive; Beatrice comes to Hero's defense without a shred of concrete evidence to rebut the charges of infidelity against her cousin. In the end, male honor seems faintly ridiculous, while female intuition is triumphant. Indeed, it is only when Benedick crosses over to Hero's side that he becomes genuinely worthy of Beatrice.

Expert Q&A

In Much Ado About Nothing, how is Beatrice unusual?

The answer to this question is pretty clear. Beatrice is unusual because she has an independent streak and a strong personality, but she still wants love. When she falls in love, however, that changes her views on men and love dramatically. She gives up her independence as soon as she finds the right man; she wants to be "tamed" by love. In the end, Beatrice becomes very conventional in her thoughts and actions when it comes to men and love.

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Themes: Music and Dance

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