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A Midsummer Night's Dream

by William Shakespeare

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Student Question

Why is Theseus surprised to see the four lovers sleeping in Act 4 of A Midsummer Night's Dream?

Quick answer:

Theseus is surprised to see the four lovers sleeping in Act 4 of A Midsummer Night's Dream because they belong to the civilized world and have strayed into the magical forest. Their presence in this contrasting environment, influenced by fairy logic and natural traits, highlights the oddness of the collision between these two worlds, leading to a satisfying resolution.

Expert Answers

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The connecting structure of this play is the contrasting mise-en-scenes, when compared and contrasted with the social/cultural range of characters.  The romances and love conflicts in the forest, affected by magic, fairy logic, and natural traits, is contrasted with the “civilized” behavior and social ”rules” of Theseus’ class of couples; the young lovers, who belong to the civilized world, have strayed into the forest (not unlike the rustics) and been charmed by that new environment.  When Theseus discovers them “awakening from a midsummer night’s dream”, he wonders at the oddness of these two worlds colliding in this way, and remarks on the out-of-place figures, thereby both bringing about a reconciliation of the contrast, and giving the mix-ups a closure that is satisfying both to the world of characters and to the Elizabethan audience.

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