seem inconsequential at first. We learn that rocks are being gathered. We learn also about the paraphernalia used to conduct the lottery, about the usual people who conduct it, and we get a faint idea about the rules. It all leads to the drawing of names by each family, particularly by the head of household.

In this interval, we see that someone is late to the lottery which, again, does not seem consequential until we learn what happens to that very character. It is Tessie who is late, and people are not too happy about it. Finally, the drawing of the names happens by each head of household selecting a piece of paper randomly. Whoever gets a paper with a black dot on it, will be the winning family for the first round of the lottery.

Climax- The turning point of the story: Bill Hutchinson draws the paper with the black dot on it. Someone from the Hutchinson family will be the lottery's winner on this day.

Falling Action-Events that lead to the end of the story: Now, the Hutchinsons will have to draw from a second round, where they will have to randomly draw one paper out of 5 pieces of paper, each holding the name of each of the members of their family.

Resolution- The end of the story: The selected name is Tessie's. She wins the lottery, which means that she will be stoned to death by the entire town. As such, they gather together with their rocks and do exactly so; they stone her to death.

Personal conflict: Man vs. self; Man vs. society.

Tessie may be one of the people mentioned in the story who say that they should do away with the lottery.

"Some places have already quit lotteries." Mrs. Adams said. "Nothing but trouble in that," Old Man Warner said stoutly. "Pack of young fools."

She is late for it, and she expresses her distaste for it throughout. Nevertheless, she still takes part of it and, perhaps, would have continued to take a part in it had she not been selected.

I think we ought to start over," Mrs. Hutchinson said, as quietly as she could. "I tell you it wasn't fair. You didn't give him time enough to choose. Everybody saw that."

Hence, she is a part of something she does not believe in, but she continues to participate. On top of it, she fights the very people whom she later joins to, except when it comes to herself and her family. This is an example of a total contradiction and irony.

I can only hope that you are not referring to the actual lottery system that Jackson describes.  I am not sure I see any pros in that setup!  In terms of assessing Jackson's story, I see many pros and few, if any, cons.  I love how she is able to construct a setting where one really gets to see what political theorists like John Stuart Mill describe as "the tyranny of the majority."  She is able to construct a setting a small town, and through exquisite use of language develop an emotional framework or sensation where one knows something is wrong, yet is slowly and more increasingly horrified as to what is actually created in the process.  The notion of one person "winning" this lottery is brutal, as it reflects how the collective voice can be a destructive one.  I think that the social and political implications of the story are powerful ones.

Concerning "The Lottery," I'll interpret "pros and cons" to refer to the story itself, and how it is written.

The pros are easy.  Jackson uses a detached, limited point of view to present normal people in a normal environment.  Her use of point of view and setting and plot combine to establish the normalcy of the town and the people.  This sets up the reader for the surprise ending.  But, the ending makes complete sense because of her use of foreshadowing.  She avoids hints, which might allow some readers to guess the outcome, and which suggest the narrator wants the reader to guess the outcome (which would be disastrous to the success of the story).  Yet, she does foreshadow, so the ending seems legitimate when it does occur.  For instance, the boys collecting stones early in the story seems normal when read, but also legitimizes the ending once it occurs.  It also adds to the horror--children are used to prepare the weapons by which the scapegoat/victim will be killed. 

The cons are more sparse.  Some have said that the ambiguity in the story is too great, that Jackson has not left any keys to aid in interpreting her parable.  In other words, what is the target of the story?  Is she attacking Nazi policies in WWII, tradition, scapegoating, witch hunts, the psychological tendency of normal humans to engage in abnormal behavior when that behavior is sanctioned by their peers, etc.? 

This ambiguity is probably the most often mentioned weakness of the story.  At the same time, one could also cite it as its greatest strength, and one of the reasons it is so often read and anthologized. 

The inciting incident in "The Lottery" occurs when the slips of paper are chosen and one person's family is singled out to provide the harvest sacrifice.

...the voices began to say, "It's Hutchinson. It's Bill," "Bill Hutchinson's got it."
[...]
People began to look around to see the Hutchinsons. Bill Hutchinson was standing quiet, staring down at the paper in his hand. Suddenly, Tessie Hutchinson shouted to Mr. Summers, "You didn't give him time enough to take any paper he wanted. I saw you. It wasn't fair!"
(Jackson, "The Lottery," classicshorts.com)

This is the start of the conflict that leads towards the end of the story. Since Tessie believes her husband's choice to have been somehow influenced, she takes the position that the Lottery should be redone; nobody else shares her opinion, not even her husband. Her potential rebellion against the tradition is thwarted by the other villagers, who all believe the Lottery to be fair and normal; in fact, they all have a vested interest in keeping the result, as it means that their own families are spared for that year. Although she incites conflict, she is overpowered by the other villagers, and the ritual continues as normal, overall unaffected by her action.

Let's take the internal conflicts first. 

Mrs. Adams seems to be questioning the lottery in a subtle way. She asks questions that would provoke thought and discussion about the usefulness of the lottery. The question is, is she motivated by the stopping the senseless killing or is she worried about her own life? The answer to that is in the last paragraph.

Tessie Hutchinson arrives late and is nervous and embarrassed by her tardiness.  She seems to be in denial that her moment may come. When the second and third lotteries are started she tries to include more of her family members to decrease her chances in being caught. This shows a conflict between saving herself or caring for her family.

The external conflicts are:

Bill Hutchinson and his wife. It is Tessie's husband that forces the marked unlucky ballot out of Tessie's hand to show it to the town. He is actively participating in the sacrifice/murder of own of his own.

Old Man Warner and the town. He brags about how many Lotteries he has survived and scolds those who think it is time to rethink this. He obviously believes the lottery serves a common good, only because he has survived them all. Perhaps his tune would change if his moment came. 

The complication of a story is defined as the catalyst that begins the major conflict. One could argue that the overall complication of the story is the community's adherence to blindly following tradition, which is reflected by their participation in the barbaric ritual of the annual lottery. Rather than recognize its brutal, primitive nature and acknowledge the fact that it is senseless to murder an innocent citizen, the community members continue to hold the annual lottery. More specifically, the complication of the story takes place when Bill Hutchinson draws the slip of paper with the black spot on it, which designates that someone in his immediate family will die. Since the crisis occurs just before or at the same time as the climax, which is the most intense moment in the plot and the turning point of the storyline, one could consider Tessie Hutchinson's act of drawing the slip of paper with the black spot on it to be the crisis of the story. Once she draws the slip of paper with the black spot on it, there is not stopping the citizens from brutally stoning her to death.

One of the major complications in the story is the idea of the tyranny of the majority.  The most horrifying aspect of Jackson's work is that this peaceful and very civilized community can engage in the targeting stoning of one of its own.  The ritualized practice of the town "selects" one individual who will be isolated and treated with the utmost of cruelty.  This is probably one of the largest complications within the story because the will of the community subsumes the autonomy of the chosen individual.  At some point and level, the sense of empathy in the community departs and a vicious sense of cruel actions result.  This creates complications as individuals are held completely hostage by these social notions of the good, and create a large sense of disquietude as a result of the work's conclusion.

There are many conflicts in the short story. What makes these conflicts so powerful is that they are underneath the narrative.  In other words, the conflicts are unspoken. This makes sense, because the story is about the ritualistic murder of a person. The townspeople do it not because they want to but because they have to. More to the point, the story is about the ritualistic murder of a member of your society. So, it is possible that you had that person over for dinner the night before.

In light of this plot, we can immediately see the moral conflict. The people will have to kill someone they know. All feel uncomfortable with this act, but they do it any way, because tradition holds sway. Moreover, it is clear that Tessie, who is chosen at the end of the story, does not want to accept her lot. Hence, there is conflict.

Physical and emotional conflict also exists. The physical conflict comes into play in at least two ways. First, someone in stoned to death. Hence, there is brutality, even if it “off screen.” Second, the rest of the townspeople do the stoning. What make this even worse is that the children are involved. At the beginning of the story it says:

“Bobby Martin had already stuffed his pockets full of stones, and the other boys soon followed his example, selecting the smoothest and roundest stones…”

In light of this, it is no wonder that some villages contemplate the giving up of this practice. The text says:

"They do say," Mr. Adams said to Old Man Warner, who stood next to him, "that over in the north village they're talking of giving up the lottery."

This shows that people know deep within that this practice is wrong. The sad point of the story is that in the end, nothing changes.