Themes: Wealth and Poverty
The March family isn't wealthy, but they aren't so impoverished that they can't help others in need. They never face the threat of hunger or losing their home, yet they are very conscious of their tight budget and the importance of being frugal. Alcott emphasizes that everyone, no matter their financial situation, has something valuable to offer the world. Marmee and Beth’s dedication to assisting the impoverished German family, the Hummels, illustrates that despite their own hardships, the Marches are quite fortunate. Laurie, who comes from a wealthy background, lives next door to the Marches, and the contrast between their homes is notable. In chapter 5, Alcott describes, “A low hedge parted the two estates. On one side was an old, brown house, looking rather bare and shabby. . . . On the other side was a stately stone mansion, plainly betokening every sort of comfort and luxury.”
Even though there is a financial gap between the two families, it does not affect their friendships. The girls enjoy going to the Laurences’ home to explore the library, admire the art, or wander through the conservatory’s flowers. There is no resentment or deep-seated jealousy. When the Laurences give gifts, the Marches feel compelled to reciprocate, doing so without feeling their gestures are any less meaningful. The genuine affection between the families overcomes the economic differences that might strain less resilient relationships.
Alcott also demonstrates that the Marches have treasures the Laurences do not possess. The Marches' home is vibrant, filled with sisters who cherish and enjoy each other's company. They have both a mother and a father, which Laurie lacks, and they share a strong familial bond. Laurie confides in Jo about how he observes the lively activities at the March household, and she empathizes with his isolation. After becoming friends, the girls make an effort to include Laurie in their activities, even welcoming him into their secret club. By contrasting the two families, Alcott conveys to her young readers that wealth and poverty manifest in many ways.
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