Despite growing up under the same roof, Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy each develop unique identities. Their mother, Marmee, encourages them to be self-assured and to grow in wisdom and self-awareness. Adolescence is a challenging period for everyone, making the girls' struggles relatable. Throughout the novel, their core personalities remain unchanged, but as they mature, they become aware of their shortcomings and work towards self-improvement.

Meg's identity is centered around pleasing her family, be it her mother, sisters, or husband. She is domestic at heart and finds happiness in creating a warm home. Jo, in contrast, is spirited and independent, but she eventually learns to control her temper. Even as an adult, her cherished self-reliance significantly influences her decisions. Jo's nontraditional nature leads her to embrace a nontraditional life. Beth is calm and selfless, and if not for her untimely death, she likely would have continued to grow as a nurturing and generous individual who enjoys being close to home. As the youngest, Amy is somewhat spoiled and develops a fondness for luxury. This aspect of her character is encouraged by her marriage to Laurie, a wealthy husband who provides her with everything she desires.