Student Question

How does Blake's use of figurative language in "The Poison Tree" relate to themes in Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet?

Quick answer:

Blake's "A Poison Tree" employs an extended metaphor of a growing tree of wrath, symbolizing how unchecked anger and grudges can lead to destruction, similar to themes in Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. In the play, the Montagues and Capulets' unresolved feud parallels the poem's growing tree, culminating in the tragic deaths of Romeo and Juliet, akin to the poisoned apple that kills. Both works illustrate how unaddressed anger leads to tragic consequences.

Expert Answers

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William Blake's poem “A Poison Tree” with its extended metaphor of the tree that grows from wrath and bears a poisoned apple could be read as a plot summary for Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. Let's see how that works.

Blake's poem reflects on the nature of a grudge. If a person is angry with a friend and says so, then the issue can be dealt with and put aside. But foes do not discuss their grievances calmly and rationally, and those grievances then grow. To paraphrase the poem, they are watered by fears and tears, sunned by fake smiles and deceit. Eventually the anger grows into a poisoned apple that kills the foe who is trying to steal it from the tree. In other words, anger and feuds kill.

This is exactly what we see in Romeo and Juliet. The Montagues and Capulets have been feuding for years. They refuse to discuss their grievances. Instead, they nurture their anger through continued violence, so much so that Prince Escalus threatens to execute the next person who disturbs the peace with this feud. But the prince's threat does not stop the violence and the secret wedding of Romeo and Juliet. The poison tree, so to speak, keeps on growing as the two families fight in the street. And this anger grows a poisoned “apple” leads to the suicides of Romeo and Juliet (Romeo even kills himself by drinking poison). Each family then sees both a foe outstretched beneath the metaphoric poison tree and a beloved child.

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