Student Question

In Chopin's The Awakening and Ellison's Invisible Man, identify a character who outwardly conforms but inwardly questions.

Quick answer:

In "Invisible Man," the narrator exemplifies outward conformity and inward questioning. Growing up lower-middle class and feeling out of place among his urban peers in New York City, he conforms to fit in and adopts their culture and ideologies. However, his internal questioning arises as he engages with the Brotherhood and explores other revolutionary ideas. His adaptability and search for identity underscore his invisibility, embodying diverse African American experiences without being tied to any single identity.

Expert Answers

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The narrator of Invisible Man himself perfectly exemplifies "outward conformity and inward questioning." The narrator starts his transformation and journey in America's heartland. In his youth, he did not experience the hardships faced by urban African Americans, despite growing up lower-middle class himself. Because he is seen as an outlier among his inner-city black peers in New York City, he feels that it is necessary to conform or adapt to his environment.

Additionally, as someone who did not grow up with the urban experience of his peers, the narrator is eager to adopt their culture and ideologies. He becomes a conformist in this sense, not only because of social pressure from his environment, but also because he feels it is essential to his identity as an African American.

However, this exterior conformity later conflicts with his internal questioning. Like Todd, he conforms to the ideologies and practices of the Brotherhood, but he also becomes fascinated with other revolutionary ideas, such as the Neo-African nationalism preached by Ras. The psychological basis for the narrator's conformity is his need to adapt in order to gain an identity.

Therefore, the narrator can easily conform to a culture but just as easily leave it to conform to a new one. In essence, this is why he is the "invisible" man. He embodies the diverse characteristics and experiences of the 20th-century (and contemporary) African American citizen, and yet he is not one particular entity.

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