Themes: Peer Pressure

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Peer pressure is a significant theme in the world of the Iliad. For example, Hera and Athena employ a specific strategy to sway Zeus: “Do as you please . . . but none of the deathless gods will ever praise you” (IV.29, XVI.443, and XXII.181). In a similar vein, Menelaus grapples with his conscience as he tries to prevent the Trojans from capturing Patroclus’s body at XVII.90ff. Another prevalent tactic is to “encourage” a reluctant soldier by pointing out the potential harm to his reputation if he is found with a wound on his back. Even Helen invokes the fear of ridicule from Trojan women when she tells Aphrodite she won’t hasten to join Paris after Aphrodite saves him from his fight with Menelaus (III.406ff.).

Expert Q&A

As Paris in the Iliad, whose bribe would you choose: Athena's, Aphrodite's, or Hera's?

In the myth of Paris's judgment, he must choose between bribes from Athena, Hera, and Aphrodite. Athena offers wisdom and skill in battle, Hera promises dominion over Europe and Asia, and Aphrodite offers the love of the most beautiful woman, Helen of Troy. Paris chooses Aphrodite's gift, leading to the Trojan War as Helen is already married. The decision reflects personal values and potential consequences of each choice.

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