Themes: Love
Love is a subtle yet powerful theme woven throughout the Iliad. At the beginning of Book 1, Chryses's actions, along with those of Hecuba and Priam in Books 22 and 24, showcase touching displays of parental love for their children. The tender exchange between Hector and Andromache at the conclusion of Book 6 stands as one of the most moving depictions of marital love in Western literature, and it is also among the earliest. Regardless of other relationships, the deep friendship and love between Achilles and Patroclus cannot be ignored.
Helen, while an obvious character to examine in this context, remains somewhat mysterious. She seems to harbor affection for Priam and at least those Trojans who neither despise nor reject her. Her apparent love for both her lover, Paris, and her husband, Menelaus, has been interpreted by some as capriciousness or inconsistency. However, Homer and his audience likely viewed it as the result of Aphrodite's influence, the goddess of love and passion, representing a force that often overcomes rational thought and other "lesser" considerations.
Expert Q&A
What details from Hector and Andromache's conversation in the Iliad reveal their love and their qualities?
In the conversation between Andromache and Hector, each expresses their deep love for the other. Andromache says she would rather be dead than lose him, while Hector fears greatly that Andromache will become the enemy's captive slave. Andromache reveals the quality of putting family first, while Hector shows that his warrior ethic means that even with his great love for his family he can't allow him to dishonor himself by refusing to fight.
Why is Andromache referred to as Hector's "precious wife" in the Iliad?
The first thing that would make a woman in ancient Greece precious is being a loving and faithful companion to her husband, as Andromache is towards Hector in the Iliad. Second, a woman in ancient Greece was expected to be loyal and obedient to her husband. Andromache displays this quality by doing whatever Hector tells her to do. And third, a Greek woman should be a good mother, as Andromache undoubtedly is to her son Astyanax.
Analyze the relationship of Helen and Paris in the Iliad to explain the concept of mixed human feelings and unconditional love.
One could reasonably argue that the relationship between Helen and Paris in the Iliad demonstrates that human feelings are always mixed and that there is no true unconditional human love. Despite all the trouble that their relationship has caused, Helen and Paris don’t seem all that close. They experience an overpowering lust for each other, but this is marred by guilt, because they both know they are putting passion ahead of duty. Paris the coward won’t fight for Helen, and Helen yearns for her old life in Sparta.
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