Perhaps the most noticeable aspect of Maya's relationship with her mother is Vivian's absence during much of her children's lives. At ages 3 and 4, Maya and Bailey are sent to Arkansas to live with their grandmother, whom they call "Momma," and they do not develop relationships with Vivian, whom they address formally as "Mother," until a surprise move to St. Louis years later. Although Vivian is supportive and nurturing of her children when present, her absence determines the trajectory of their lives, affects them emotionally, and directly leads to Maya's molestation and sexual assault by Mr. Freeman. Although Vivian is a good mother in many ways, and is loved and admired by her children, she makes parenting choices that take a negative toll on their lives.

The time Maya and Bailey spend watching their mother sing, dance, and charm crowds at Louie's demonstrates the charming way in which Vivian navigates society as a beautiful woman. The children's fascination and idealization of their mother point to her endearing character, as well as to their yearning for affection from an often absent maternal figure. The surprise 2:30 a.m. party in which Maya and Bailey are awakened for biscuits, hot chocolate, and a surprise performance is a prime example of how their "beautiful and wild mother" lives in an elusive, unusual manner. Vivian's strength is notably demonstrated when she encourages Maya to pursue a job with the railway company despite odds stacked against her, as well as in the closing scene of the novel, in which she reassures Maya that she is well equipped for the role of motherhood.