Student Question

What influence did the Greeks have on early Roman society and culture?

Quick answer:

The Greeks had a significant influence on early Roman society and culture, impacting art, literature, architecture, philosophy, education, and religion. Greek slaves, often educated, served as tutors to Roman elites, spreading Greek ideas. Greek gods were associated with Roman deities, shaping mythology. Although the Etruscans contributed foundational elements like the arch and gladiatorial games, Greek cultural elements deeply permeated Roman life, as noted by Horace's statement that "Captive Greece took captive her rude conqueror."

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The impact that Greece had on Rome can be best summed up in the famous words of the Roman poet Horace who said that "Captive Greece took captive her rude conqueror."  In other words, practically everything about Roman society and culture showed Greek influence.

Greek culture impacted Roman culture as Rome conquered Greece.  Roman military men sent back art and literature that they looted from Greece. Many Greek slaves were sent to Rome as well.  Because sine if them were well educated and cultured, they tended to be used as tutors to wealthy Romans.

In these ways, Greece was able to have a major impact on Rome.  Greek ideas influenced Roman architecture and Roman literature.  They influenced Roman philosophy and Roman education.  They even were able to play a huge part in influencing Roman religion and mythology, with Roman gods and Greek gods coming to be associated with one another.

Basically, it is impossible to think about Roman culture without thinking about the ways that it was influenced by Greek culture.

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How did the Etruscans and Greeks influence early Roman civilization?

The Etruscans were the dominant influence in the area, and contributed heavily to Roman Civilization.  Among their contributions:

They were the first to use the Arch for building bridges.  It is a form that adds strength, and dissipates the weight of a structure.  It is from the Arch that we get our word “architecture.”  They also introduced soothsayers, and gods with human forms, mostly borrowed from the Greeks, of course.  They held slave fights – typically at funerals, as a blood memorial to one’s greatness. These were the forerunner of the Gladiatorial games. They also started public parades as welcomes for War heroes. Finally, they adopted the Greek alphabet; somewhat altered, but in use still today. By and large, the Etruscans probably contributed more than the Greeks, as much of the culture we consider "Roman" originated with the Etruscans.

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