Student Question

What relationship between citizens and law does Sieyès propose, and what are its limitations?

Quick answer:

Sieyès proposed a relationship between citizens and law that emphasized natural rights and limited government interference. He believed in the participation of "active citizens," primarily men, in the political process, with laws only forbidding actions harmful to society. His ideas aimed to curb monarchical power and aristocratic privileges, but were limited by his exclusion of women and enslaved individuals from political rights, reflecting his moderate stance in the French Revolution.

Expert Answers

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Sieyès was a figure within the French Revolution who fought to abolish the privileges held by the aristocracy of France. Sieyès was a part of the bourgeois faction within the French Revolution who sought to increase the control and power of the rising merchant middle class. He did not, however, push for more radical positions within the French Revolution that sought to abolish class altogether or that fought for the freedom of women and those enslaved in French colonies. Rather, Sieyès, a political moderate, helped draft the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, in which he took inspiration from Enlightenment era ideas and the US Declaration of Independence. As such, Sieyès believed in the natural rights of men and that these natural, inalienable rights could not be oppressed through the laws of the governing structure. All active citizens, who Sieyès only considered to be male, were envisioned to have full access to participating in the political process. Sieyès envisioned a restriction on the powers of the monarchy and an abolition of taxation exemption for the aristocratic class. Sieyès proposed that laws could only be made and enforced that forbid actions that were harmful to society. Other than that, Sieyès believed that government should not be a force in people's daily lives.

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