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The impact of Uncle Tom's Cabin outside the United States

Summary:

Uncle Tom's Cabin had a significant impact outside the United States, influencing international attitudes towards slavery. It played a role in shaping public opinion in Europe, particularly in Britain, where it bolstered anti-slavery sentiment and contributed to the abolitionist movement. The novel's emotional portrayal of slavery's brutality resonated globally, helping to garner support for the anti-slavery cause.

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What impact did Uncle Tom's Cabin have outside the United States?

Though we often focus on the firestorm it ignited against slavery in the United States, Uncle Tom's Cabin had a huge influence outside of its country of origin. According to David Reynolds' book covering the impact of Uncle Tom's Cabin, called Mightier than the Sword, Stowe's novel helped inspire revolutionary movements in Russia, Brazil, China and Cuba. Because of uncomfortable parallels between Southern U.S. slavery and serfdom in Russia, the book was initially banned in Russia, though people were able to get copies in French and German--and after the czar freed the serfs, it was available in Russia. It influenced Russian revolutionaries such as Lenin and radical reformers such as the writer Leo Tolstoy. It was, according to Reynolds, the number one bestseller across Europe in the nineteenth century. Charles Dickens, whose novels often focused on the plight of the poor in industrialized England, wished he had written the novel and Queen Victoria wanted to meet Stowe, although she was advised against it, due to Stowe's "radicalism." Overall, the book is the poster child for how a work of literature, through arousing emotions, can have a outsize influence on political life and hence history, particularly, in this case, movements that fought for the liberation or increased rights of oppressed peoples. 

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What impact did Uncle Tom's Cabin have outside the United States, as referenced in Mightier than the Sword by David Reynolds?

Uncle Tom's Cabin made a huge impact outside of the United States as well as within. It sold 310,00 copies in the United States but more than million in England. It became the biggest best-seller in Europe in the nineteenth century. As one reviewer stated, citing Reynolds's book, Uncle Tom's might have been one of the most influential books ever written. 

While Stowe wrote it to persuade American audiences of the evils of slavery, disenfranchised groups around the world were inspired by its message. It was dangerous enough to be banned in Russia until 1857, for fear it would incite a movement to liberate the serfs. Many dissidents, however, read it in French or German translation and indeed exerted pressure to free the serfs, which came to fruition when the czar, Alexander II, liberated them in 1861. After it was allowed to be translated into Russian, both Lenin and Tolstoy read it in translation and were impressed. In 1901, it became the first American novel translated into Chinese, where it appeared under the title The Black Slave Appeals to Heaven. Although Stowe never anticipated this reaction, its appeal and impact were felt worldwide. 

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