Student Question

How did the Columbian Exchange and Industrial Revolution enable the conditions of The Jungle?

Quick answer:

The Columbian Exchange and the Industrial Revolution set the stage for the conditions depicted in "The Jungle" by introducing new food crops that boosted population growth and necessitated mass food production. The Industrial Revolution provided the means for this mass production through mechanization, but it also led to worker exploitation, as described by Upton Sinclair. These factors combined to create the unsanitary and dangerous conditions in the meatpacking industry highlighted in the book.

Expert Answers

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I would assume "the Jungle" being referred to in the question are the conditions in the meatpacking plants that were described by the muckraker Upton Sinclair in the book by the same name. Sinclair describes dangerous and unsanitary conditions for workers and the poor quality of product that was being produced. If that is the case, a correlation can be made between those conditions and the Columbian Exchange and Industrialism.

The Columbian Exchange introduced new foods such as potatoes and tomatoes to the continent of Europe. It was quickly discovered that these foods were tasty and easy to produce. The increase in food production because of the introduction of new crops that coincided with a warming period allowed the population of Europe to rapidly expand. The expansion of world population meant that food needed to be mass produced in the same way that non-food commodities were produced. The Industrial Revolution provided a model for this type of mass production and allowed food to be manufactured in a similar fashion. Also, the exploitation of workers for profit was a common result of Industrialism and is well documented in Upton Sinclair's book.

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