What argument against British rule did Thomas Paine make in Common Sense?

Common Sense is the best-selling American book of all-time. Thomas Paine used his persuasive writing to convince the colonists in Colonial America to fight for independence from Great Britain. This might not seem like a huge stretch by our modern eye - how hard could it have been for thirteen states to demand separation from a country across the Atlantic Ocean when telephones didn't even exist?

The problem existed not in the difficulty of separating, but rather in the difficulty of convincing the colonists that separating was the correct decision. Imagine what would have to happen in modern day politics for Hawaii or Alaska to separate from the United States! It would be next to impossible because you could not convince the residents of Hawaii or Alaska that fighting against a superpower (America) is worth their independence (because life for them isn't all that bad anyways). Now transition that to colonial times, when some of the colonists wanted to become independent of their superpower (Great Britain), but had to convince the colonists that their not-that-bad situation was actually really bad and worth starting a war over.

In came Thomas Paine. He wrote a pamphlet that was mass-produced and spread across the colonies and read in streets and at bars and in bedrooms by candlelight. Common Sense highlighted the issues that the colonies faced--issues that the colonists themselves might not have been aware of. Paine called out Britain on their tyrannical practices against the colonies, and he criticized the treatment of the colonies by the far-off, less than sympathetic King.

Paine then continued on to discuss the issue with calling someone a "King" because it placed them higher on the hierarchy of man, when in reality, he stated that all men are created equal. He suggested that by having a Parliament report to the King, the King overruled the Parliament at some point, and was thus overly powerful.

Thomas Paine struck the hearts of the colonists by examining the offenses that England made against the colonies, and argued that independence from Great Britain was the only solution to their problems. He outlined the idea for a congress with delegates from the different areas of the colonies and elected representatives chosen by congress to lead as president.

Paine also spent time explaining that the colonies possessed adequate power to fight the Royal Navy of England, which solidified the possibility that the colonies could succeed in succeeding from England. 

The practical tone that Paine wrote with worked to coerce colonists far and wide that becoming independent was not only possible, but necessary. Common Sense was one of the most impactful pieces of writing ever written, and because of its legacy, it is still in print today.

What arguments for American independence does Thomas Paine present in Common Sense?

In his 1776 pamphlet Common Sense, Thomas Paine presents a well-organized, detailed, reasoned argument for American independence that served to change the perspective of many American colonists and unite them against the British and for the fight for independence. Let's brainstorm some points you might discuss as you prepare this assignment.

In Common Sense, Paine moves from a presentation of theory to its application to the American situation. You should start with his ideas about government and its purpose, for this stands as the foundation of his argument. If government does not protect people's lives, freedoms, and property, then it is failing to do its job.

Paine then moves on to talk about the British system of government, showing its weak points. You should mention a few of the elements he presents as well as his ideas about monarchy and its origins. This is an important step in Paine's argument, so do not neglect it.

Next, Paine turns his attention to America specifically. He speaks of British use and abuse of the colonies and argues that now is the time for independence so that America can solve its problems and not just postpone the issue. Paine then goes on to show the reasons why 1776 is the best time for independence. Again, make sure you understand his reasoning here.

As for the shift in the presentation of grievances, pay close attention to how Paine adjusts the origins of the American colonies and the New World and how he characterizes England. You might also mention the power this document had to unite the colonists through its careful and convincing argumentation.