illustration of train tracks with low hills in the background and one of the hills has the outline of an elephant within it

Hills Like White Elephants

by Ernest Hemingway

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Student Question

What do the names given to the two characters in "Hills Like White Elephants" suggest?

The writer first introduces the male "The American" and the female "girl." He calls the American "the man" later and calls the female "girl" throughout the story. The man addresses the girl "Jig" but she never addresses him by anything but "you." And also, at the beginning the narrator introduces the two as "The American and the girl with him."

Quick answer:

The names in "Hills Like White Elephants" suggest a power imbalance and emotional disconnect. The man is referred to as "the American" or "the man," indicating maturity or authority, while the woman is called "the girl," implying youth and innocence. This contrast suggests she may lack agency in their discussion. Her addressing him only as "you" highlights emotional distance, and the phrase "the American and the girl with him" suggests ambiguity in their relationship status.

Expert Answers

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The man in the story is referred to as "the man" or "the American" his companion is referred to as "the girl". The idea that the man is a "man" while his companion is a "girl" suggests that she is young and innocent. Since they are discussing such a heavy topic, this suggestion may make the reader think that she does not have the authority to have an opinion about it. It is likely that this is the way "the man" views her.

The fact that she does not refer to him in any terms other than "you" while he refers to her using a name, suggests a disconnect between the two of them. Their relationship is unclear and confused to both them and the reader... the way they address each other indicates this confusion, as well as the phrase "The American and the girl with him" at the beginning of the story. Since it does not say "his girlfriend" "his wife" etc, we do not know if they have made any type of commitment to each other.

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