The protagonist of the story is Godric, an Anglo-Saxon peddler who aims to repent for his transgressions and resist further temptations by living as a hermit, dedicating his existence to prayer. Godric's father, Aedlward, is industrious but emotionally detached from him. His mother, Aedwen, prioritizes practical matters over spirituality, yet she is "a friend to all." Brother William is a talkative individual whose constant chatter tends to alienate others. Godric's sister, Burcwen, is a daring woman whose affection for her brother results in incestuous feelings.

Among the sinners Godric encounters is Roger Mouse, a shipowner who transports pilgrims to Jerusalem, deceiving them along the journey. He also meets the nobleman Falkes de Granvill, whose wife refers to herself as "the Devil's Bride," and the corrupt clergyman Bishop Flambard. Godric finds sanctity in figures like St. Cuthbert, St. Ailred, and the austere Elric, who guides him into a hermit's life. Godric's friendships include a young man named Perkin, whose death he foresees through his visionary abilities. Fairweather and Tune, two snakes, serve as unconventional companions until Godric dismisses them for diverting his focus from prayer.