Symbolic illustration of Laura's hands holding a glass unicorn

The Glass Menagerie

by Tennessee Williams

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Student Question

What are the obstacles and escapes for Tom, Laura, and Amanda in act 1, scenes 1–3 of The Glass Menagerie?

Quick answer:

Overall, the play is about a dysfunctional family who are trying to "escape" their problems. The reason why they have so many problems is because of the family dynamic. Amanda and Laura have been living in the past for years, never really understanding that life is what you make it and that there are no second chances. Tom, on the other hand, tries to escape his problems by going out at night and neglecting his family, but he later tries to get closer to them by bringing home a girl from one of his dates as he says “with her I can escape”. This play revolves around these three characters' inability to face reality and escape from their troubles through different escapism techniques.

Expert Answers

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Tom's problem was that he could not find himself, nor his place in society, was overall disillusioned with life and his life prospects and he just had nothing in common with his mother and sister. He was supposed to protect them and be the male figure of the family, but he certainly did not want to play the part. His escapades were to go to the movies and idle a couple of hours away submerged in fantasy and imagination.

Laura's problem was not only her limping around, but also that she was a social outcast, terribly overprotected by her mother, and also too shy to establish any kind of conversation. Her way to escape was by collecting those little animals made out of glass, to which she dedicates most of her time and spirit. So much that when her unicorn accidentally fell and broke, it was a metaphor of her broken spirit.

Amanda's problem was the inability to change, let go of the past, and move on. She was stuck to her good old days in the South when she was a belle receiving gentlemen callers. She sees that she cannot vicariously re-live her youth through her daughter because, unlike her, her daughter is not a belle, is an outcast, and will never be normal. Hence, her escape is to consistently bring up the past, and keeping it very much alive in constant conversations about it.

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