La Gerusalemme liberata by Torquato Tasso is a seminal work in literary history, known for its ambitious attempt to blend the grandeur of classical epics with the intricate narratives of chivalric romance. The poem, set against the backdrop of the First Crusade, seeks to distill the essence of the epic tradition as established by Homer and Virgil, aiming to provide Italy with its own national epic. As noted by C. P. Brand, Tasso's work is seen as a "fusion of the heroic epic and the chivalrous romance," demonstrating his commitment to the classical precedents.

The poem's narrative follows the Christian knights led by Godfrey of Boulogne, focusing on characters like Rinaldo and Tancredi, who embody themes of redemption and heroism amid personal and religious conflicts. As highlighted by Andrew Fichter, the poem is a "true Christian epic" that intricately explores the theme of redemption.

Thematically, the poem grapples with the dichotomies of loyalty versus treachery and public versus private duty, reflecting the tumultuous socio-political context of Tasso's time. The work's intricate blending of romance and epic elements has attracted various critiques. The poem's portrayal of pagan magic and sensual love, which intertwines Christian and pagan characters, drew condemnation from the Church for its perceived moral and doctrinal lapses.

Modern criticism remains divided. Some scholars, like Dennis Looney, view the combination of epic and romantic elements as a flaw, suggesting that it leads to confusion. Others, as demonstrated by David Quint, interpret the poem through a political lens, seeing it as emblematic of the Counter-Reformation's triumph, reflecting the Church's militant quest for souls. The poem is also valued for its rich character development, especially the complex portrayals of its women, which provide a nuanced contrast to its martial themes.

Despite these controversies, Gerusalemme liberata has had a profound impact on later literature, influencing renowned writers like Milton and Spenser. Scholars like Giovanni Da Pozzo have examined its tensions between indeterminacy and finality, while Sergio Zatti considers the theme of dissimulation crucial to its narrative structure.