The French and Indian War (The Seven Years' War)

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The impact of the French and Indian War on Britain's political, economic, and ideological relations with its American colonies

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The French and Indian War significantly affected Britain's relations with its American colonies. Politically, it led to increased British control and the imposition of new laws. Economically, Britain imposed taxes on the colonies to pay war debts, fueling resentment. Ideologically, these changes fostered a growing sense of American identity and resistance against perceived British oppression, setting the stage for the American Revolution.

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How did the French and Indian War alter England's relationship with its American colonies?

The French and Indian War changed the relationship between the American colonies and Great Britain in two pivotal ways.

Most importantly, once the French were expelled from American territories and the Native Americans could no longer count on them as allies, a great threat lifted for the English colonies. They no longer had to worry that the French would take them over. At this point, they had no need of the British: once the French were gone, the Americans did not need British military might to back them up.

Hereafter, the British became a nuisance, a hindrance rather than a help. Adding to this problem, the British began to make themselves even more of a burden by insisting the Americans contribute to paying for the costly French and Indian war. The British reasoned that since the war had been largely fought for their benefit, the colonists should help defray its cost. This (and other economic issues in Britain) led the British to impose new tariffs and also tighten up on their policy of salutary neglect.

Under salutary neglect, the British had turned a blind eye to the many American violations of tariff rules and trading barriers that the Americans were legally supposed to respect. After the war, however, the British government began to tighten up on collecting tariffs and enforcing the laws on the books. This incited the Americans, who were used to lax policies.

Eventually—and ironically—Britain's successful war against the French led to the American Revolution and the separation of Britain and the colonies.

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How did the French and Indian War alter England's relationship with its American colonies?

The French and Indian War changed the relationship between the British and the colonists. As a result of this war, the British got most of France’s land east of the Mississippi River. Once the war ended, a series of laws were passed to deal with changes brought about by this war. The colonists wanted to go west to settle in the land Britain got from France. However, the Native Americans were threatening violence. Thus, the British passed the Proclamation of 1763 that prevented the colonists from settling this land.

After this law was passed, things got worse. The British passed the Quartering Act that required the colonists to provide housing for the British troops. The colonists were upset that they had to provide housing for soldiers to enforce a law they didn’t want. Then the British passed tax laws believing the colonists should pay for some of the costs of running the colonies. The colonists opposed these laws because they were passed without their consent. The colonists had no representatives in Parliament who could vote for these taxes.

Eventually, violence broke out between the British and colonists. In the Boston Massacre, five colonists were killed. After the Boston Tea Party occurred and the Intolerable Acts were passed, the battles of Lexington and Concord took place. Soon after, the Declaration of Independence was passed. This led to the Revolutionary War.

While the British nor the colonists could have know it at the time, the British victory in the French and Indian War would dramatically change the relationship between the British and colonists.

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How did the French and Indian War alter England's relationship with its American colonies?

One of the biggest impacts the French and Indian War had on British-American relations was economic.  In order to pay for the immense cost of the war, the British imposed new taxes on the colonists.  The justification was that since the war was fought to protect the colonists from the French, they should have to pay the cost.  While the colonists were certainly grateful, they did not agree with the premise that they should have to shoulder the weight of war debts.  Additionally, some colonists argued that the British would have fought that war regardless of whether or not the colonists were there, since at heart it was a war over British and French territory.  

Three of the taxes imposed on the colonists were the tariff of imported goods, the sugar act, and the stamp act, which were all designed to tax American imports and exports.  Many staunch patriots rejected the premise of these taxes, and relations between Britain and the US soured.  These taxes raised tensions between the two which were some of the long-term causes to the Revolutionary War.

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How did the French and Indian War alter England's relationship with its American colonies?

The French and Indian War changed this relationship by making it a great deal worse.  In fact, the war can be said to have led to the revolution.

First, the war took the French out of North America.  The colonists no longer had to fear being taken by France if they were to break free from Britain.

Second and more importantly, the war cost a huge amount of money. The British felt that the colonies should pay some part of that sum.  The colonists had not been taxed as heavily as the people in Britain itself and the British government felt this should change.  The taxes that the British then imposed on the colonies were the major cause of the discontent that led to the Revolutionary War.

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How did the French and Indian War alter England's relationship with its American colonies?

The French and Indian War affected the relationship between the colonists and the British. At first, the colonists were pleased the British were there to fight this conflict against the French and Native Americans. It gave the colonists a sense that the British would protect them. However, after the war ended, the relationship between the British and the colonists began to deteriorate.

Once the war ended, the colonists and the British began to see things very differently. The colonists wanted to move to the new lands Britain gained from France. However, the British believed the Native Americans would attack the colonists so they passed the Proclamation of 1763. This prohibited the colonists from moving to this area. The colonists weren’t happy with this. When the British asked the colonists to provided housing for troops who would enforce the Proclamation of 1763, the colonists became unhappier. Eventually, the British wanted the colonists to pay for some of the cost of running the colonies so new tax laws were passed. This led to more unhappiness. Eventually conflict broke out, and we declared our independence from Britain. Thus, the end of the French and Indian War ultimately led to the end of our colonial relationship with Great Britain.

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How did the French and Indian War change the ideological relations between Britain and its American colonies?

The French and Indian War set the stage for future events that no one could ever have imagined.The economic practice of mercantilism, which insured profit only to the mother country was the accepted practice between England and her colonies. As long as these economic policies were met, England left much of the day to day governing of the colonies up to the colonies. It was this "salutory neglect" that ultimately led to the ideological differences between England and the colonies. England won the war, but it paid a great price for that victory. England was bankrupted, and as a result had no choice but to look to her colonies to regain financial stability. The pressures of taxation and naval restrictions imposed by the crown and Parliament, were viewed by the colonists as tyrannical acts. Although the colonies were on a path to becoming "Americanized" they held the lessons of Magna Carta, the Glorious Revolution of 1688-89 close to their heart. In their eyes, "Englishmen had rights" under the laws of the mother country. It was only when these laws were usurpted by the crown that the colonies had no choice but to protest their discontent. The political authority that England executed over the colonies after so many years of neglect led to the ideological differences that would ultimately result in the American Revolution. 

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How did the French and Indian War change the ideological relations between Britain and its American colonies?

The British paid for the French and Indian War, which took place exclusively on the North American continent. However, the costs for the war were high. The British thought of America as a colony. and felt they should be able to tax Americans as they taxed other colonies. Consequently, the British began to impose taxes on the Americans to pay for the war. Americans believed they should be treated like other British citizens. That meant they should be allowed representatives in Parliament and have a say on whether or not they should be taxed. They protested vehemently. Their slogan was "no taxation without representation". Eventually, this led to the American Revolution because Americans refused to be ruled without representation in Parliament.

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How did the French and Indian War cause the colonists to rethink their relationship with Britain?

The British generals in America during the French and Indian War did not value the colonial troops who fought alongside them. After the war, the British rewarded the Native Americans who fought on their side with the Proclamation Line of 1763 while the colonists were punished by this arbitrary line that they were not allowed to cross. British officials got to see firsthand how openly the colonists flouted taxation and shipping laws and after the war they sought to make the colonists pay their fair share of the bill--after all, the British troops were stationed in America for the colonists' benefit, at least according to Parliament. The colonists felt disrespected by the taxation without their consent and openly began to consider their independence.

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How did the French and Indian War cause the colonists to rethink their relationship with Britain?

Because of the French and Indian War, which was fought on American soil, Britain felt it was only right that the colonists foot some of the bill for the war that was fought to protect them. 

Once Britain decided to impose taxes on the colonies to collect some revenue to pay the war bill, the colonists attitude toward Britain changed.  They began to feel that they were being persecuted, being held responsible to pay for a war that Britain would have waged anyway, since they were fighting France for territory in North America.

Not only did the colonists resent being held financially accountable for the war, they discovered that they were competent soldiers.  They had lost many men in the fight, but George Washington fought in the French and Indian War and this military service prepared him to lead the Revolution as Commander in Chief of the military.

Events during the French and Indian War and its aftermath planted the seeds for the American Revolution.

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How did the French and Indian War alter England's relationship with its American colonies?

The French and Indian War was very destabilizing for the relationship between the colonies and Great Britain. This was true for a number of reasons. For one thing, many British officers and royal governors were unimpressed with the colonial assemblies, many of whom refused to contribute funds to the war effort. These tensions continued into the postwar era, when Parliament attempted to fund the debt incurred during the war by placing a direct tax (the infamous Stamp Act) on the colonies. They also attempted to raise money by more rigorously enforcing trade restrictions. Both of these initiatives, especially direct taxation, sparked the imperial crisis that would degenerate into revolution. Another source of friction resulting from the war was the acquisition of the Ohio Valley from the French. American settlers and especially land speculators had long eyed this territory, and assumed it would be theirs for the taking after it was opened by the Treaty of Paris. But friction between Native peoples and settlers in the region convinced the Crown to close the area to settlement with the Proclamation of 1763. Colonists were bitterly disappointed by this development, perhaps as much so as by the Stamp Act itself. So, in short, the aftermath of the French and Indian War caused a crisis in Great Britain's relationship with the North American colonies.

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How did the French and Indian War alter England's relationship with its American colonies?

It may be true that most colonists were fine with being a colony of Britain. Other than annoyance at taxes, they felt relatively safe and protected. They did not necessarily buy into the ideology of the revolution. However I do think that a significant portion of the population did sympathize with the revolution, even if it was a minority.
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How did the French and Indian War alter England's relationship with its American colonies?

If I remember right this was a DBQ question from an AP US History test.  You have ideological capitalized, so let me focus on that one in particular.  Ideology is the study of belief systems, and the British were a monarchy at the time of the French and Indian War.  Some historians view the war, and the taxes that followed it, as a breaking point for Colonial-British relations, that at least some of the colonists adopted a more democratic approach, demanding their representation in Parliament and individual rights as English citizens.

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How did the French and Indian War alter England's relationship with its American colonies?

This is way long of a question... But the idea is that the colonists were happy to be British up until the war.  After that, they started to become angry at the British.  The war led to the Revolution.

Politically and ideologically it made the colonists feel more connected to one another and less connected to England.

Economically, it caused GB to need to tax the colonies and those taxes are the ones that made the Americans angry.

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How did the French and Indian War alter England's relationship with its American colonies?

The French and Indian War changed the relationship between the colonies and Great Britain in many ways. One was that the territories gained by the British as a result of the war led to almost immediate conflict, as the Crown tried to avert war with Native Americans by stopping settlement west of the Appalachians. This created tensions between the British ministry and western settlers as well as wealthy land speculators.

Another change in the imperial relationship was a result of the tremendous debt incurred by the British government, as well as the additional expenses of administering (and stationing soldiers in) the vast territories gained as a result of the Treaty of Paris. The British tried to service this debt first by tightening restrictions on trade with the colonies and, at least once, by passing an "internal" tax in the form of the Stamp Act. The Stamp Act was highly controversial, and met with violent protest, because it seemed to violate an age-old protection enjoyed by British subjects--the right against taxation without representation. Additional duties on imported goods did not meet with these theoretical objections, but they did hurt the pocketbooks of colonial merchants and ordinary city-dwellers. Moreover, to many people, they represented a pattern of abuses that constituted an assault on colonial liberties.

There were other ways in which the French and Indian War altered the relationship--British ministers were unimpressed, for example, with the willingness of colonial legislatures to provide funding for their own defense, and colonial militia bristled at the attempts of British officers to impose harsh discipline on them. But the imposition of the Proclamation of 1763, the Stamp Act, and other controversial measures was primarily responsible for driving a wedge between Britain and its colonies in the wake of the French and Indian War.

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How did the French and Indian War change the ideological relations between Britain and its American colonies? Include supporting details.

Prior to the French and Indian War the relationship between the British colonies and Britain was rooted in mercantilism. This economic trade sysytem was designed to enrich the mother country by using the colonies as the agent by which all the new resources from the new world could be allocated and sent to Britain.  As long as the colonies provided the resources Britain left the colonies alone to govern themselves. The colonies lived under this  'Salutory Neglect' for about 169 years or the end of the war. Although the British won the war, they did so at a great cost, the King was practically bankrupted. As a result the King and his Parliament began to pass laws that restricted colonial lofe. From taxes to the importation of goods the British crown seemed to be infringing upon the rights of the colonials as Englishmen. These impositions were viewed by the colonists as tyrannical because the colonists had no say in any of the matters. As far back as the Magna Carta of 1215 through the Glorious Revolution of 1688-89 the King was subjected to the will of his people. British subjects voted on such matters as increased taxes and since the colonists were denied this without representation in the Parliament they began to resent the crown and their views regarding their position as colonials began to change.  It is worth noting that their very arguments mirrored the arguments of the British people in 1215 and 1688-89.

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How did the French and Indian War alter England's relationship with its American colonies?

Since the founding of the earliest British colonies in North America, the colonists had almost always been given a large degree of autonomy over how they governed themselves. Given the great distance between the lawmakers in London and their subjects in America, this was necessary if things were to run smoothly in the colonies. The colonists considered themselves to be English and fervently supported the British fight against the French during the war. They saw it as a fight over their right to settle the continent and therefore were often eager to contribute.

That is why many colonists were very upset with changes in British policy after the war. The conflict had been very expensive. The British racked up a lot of debt in waging the war and felt that, since it was largely fought to protect their colonies, the colonists should help pay for it.

Parliament began to levy significant taxes on the colonies, something that they had never done on this scale before. While the Navigation Acts, which restricted trade, had been in effect for some time, the practice of salutary neglect meant that they had seldom been enforced. The colonists had grown accustomed to doing things their way. However, the financial strains that Great Britain was now feeling meant that they felt that they could no longer govern their colonies with such a loose hand. Old laws that had been mostly ignored were now being enforced, and new taxes under the infamous Stamp Act and Townshend Acts were levied.

Furthermore, the British took a greater role in restricting the settlement of their colonists. The greatest spoil of the French and Indian War was perhaps gaining control over the Ohio River Valley. Many colonists were eager to settle that area. However, the British government was worried that such settlement would disrupt the delicate balance they had with the Native Americans there. Consequently, they forbade English settlers from moving west of the Appalachian Mountains with the Royal Proclamation of 1763. This was the first time that the government had so greatly restricted the movement of their colonists. As you might imagine, this greatly upset many colonists who felt it infringed on their freedoms.

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How did the French and Indian War alter England's relationship with its American colonies?

The French and Indian War transformed the relationship between Britain and its colonies and ultimately set into motion the sequence of events that would lead to the American Revolution.

Throughout the long span of colonial history, North American colonists had tended to regard themselves as loyal subjects of England. However, the distance which separated the colonies from Europe meant that (for most of that history), the colonies were largely free to act and govern themselves with a great deal of autonomy.

However, what you need to recognize is that the French and Indian War was only one part of a much larger global struggle, often referred to as the Seven Years War. This conflict put tremendous strain on the British economy, which resulted in key changes to colonial policy.

In 1764, Britain passed the Sugar Act, which greatly strengthened the enforcement of British mercantile laws (thus directly threatening colonial smugglers). The following year, in 1765, the Stamp Act would place all official forms of documentation under taxation. These sorts of interventions created a great deal of resentment and concern within the colonies. However, this only marks the beginning of a longer trajectory, in which tensions between Britain and the colonies would continue to intensify, eventually resulting in the Revolution.

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How did the French and Indian War alter England's relationship with its American colonies?

The French and Indian War altered the ideological thoughts of both the British and the colonists. While the British always believed they could run the colonies as they saw fit to do, after the war ended, the British wanted the colonies to share in some of the costs of operating the colonies. As a result, various tax laws were passed to help raise money to run the colonies. These tax laws were the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts. Additionally, the British decided to limit colonial movement to the west by issuing the Proclamation of 1763.

After the French and Indian War, the colonists began to believe the British were being unreasonable. They felt that since the colonies were Britain’s colonies, they should bear the cost of running them. When times were simpler and the British made a lot of money from the colonies, there wasn’t a rush to share the profits with the colonies. At the very minimum, if the colonists were going to have to pay taxes to help offset the cost of running the colonies, they should, at least, have representatives in Parliament that could speak about and vote on these taxes. Since the colonists didn’t have representatives in Parliament, they felt the taxes were unfair.

Another change in the thinking of the colonists was the willingness to take actions against the unfair taxes and the unfair laws. The colonists refused to buy British goods until the Stamp Act was removed. They also took this action when the taxes from the Townshend Acts were established. When the Townshend Acts were passed, some colonists also started making their own products that could have a long-term, negative impact on British businesses. Some colonists refused to follow the Proclamation of 1763 that was issued right after the French and Indian War ended. The colonists were more willing to openly protest British actions through their own reactions to these British actions.

After the French and Indian War ended, both sides saw their ideological way of thinking shift.

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How did the French and Indian War (1754-63) alter Britain's political, economic and ideological relations with its American colonies?

One result of the French and Indian War was the ceding by the French to the British of all former French territory west of the Allegheny Mountains, essentially the entire Ohio Valley (and more).  The British then altered trade relations with the Indians in these territories, which included limiting the trading of weapons and iron to the Indians.  Pontiac's Rebellion, an Indian uprising against the British in which hundreds of Americans were killed and thousands lost their homes, is a result of the new trade policies.

When the British settled Pontiac's Rebellion with what is known as the Proclamation of 1763, Americans were not only prevented by the Proclamation from not moving west of the Allegheny Mountains but also those Americans who were still in the Ohio Valley (with some exceptions) were required to move east.  Because Americans fought alongside the British to defeat the French, they believed they had a right to the new territories--and Americans needed to expand from the east--but the Proclamation made expansion illegal.

In addition, in order to pay for the costs of the French and Indian War, in 1764, Britain enacted the Sugar Act and, one year later, the Stamp Act, both of which created new economic problems for American colonials and against which they protested vigorously.  The Stamp Act is widely viewed as a major American grievance that help lead us toward rebellion.

American colonials viewed Pontiac's Rebellion as the direct result of mis-guided British policy toward Indians, and the Proclamation of 1763, which tried to stop the Indian rebellion, was largely viewed by Americans as a British betrayal of not only their economic interests but also their hard-won rights to new territory in which to expand.  Coupled with newly-enacted burdensome taxes, these unexpected results of the war created a breach in relations between Americans and British that helped push Americans to physical conflict in 1775.

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How did the French and Indian War (1754-63) alter Britain's political, economic and ideological relations with its American colonies?

One of the foundational reasons as to why the American Revolution was fought resided the outcome of the French and Indian War.  Economically, the Colonists put much of their wealth into raising armies for the British cause.  They recognized the mutual benefit in driving the French and Indians out of Colonial strongholds.  The Colonists also understood that in being able to participate in a war with the British as colleagues, a new level in their own standing as a nation had been reached.  The mightiest army in the world required the help of the Colonists to defeat a foe.  This has cast a large impression upon the Colonists.  In some respects, it meant that the Colonists "had arrived" and were no longer a merely silent offshoot of the British crown.

Economically, the Colonists had made financial commitments during the war in support of the British.  This helped to alter the relationship with the British in that the Colonists no longer idly accepted the taxes and acts which would take away Colonial income, funds that had been given to the British cause.  In addition to this, the political landscape had changed with Colonial participation in the war.  The Colonists were confused as to why they could not be acknowledged as political equals to the British.  When acts such as the Proclamation of 1763 limited Colonial mobility, resentment emerged.  The same political will that enabled British to keep the land was the same frustration that was expressed when the Colonists could not partake in it.  Ideologically, the Colonists never understood how it was equitable or proportional that the costs that the British ensued in the war was passed on to the Colonists' backs, when they, themselves, had made sizable financial commitments in defense of the British cause. It was not clear to the Colonists why they were having to suffer even more for supporting the British in both economic and militaristic senses.  These becomes some of the basic reasons why rebellion against the British are sown in the aftermath of the French and Indian War.

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How did the French and Indian War alter Britain's political relations with its American colonies?

The French and Indian War essentially bankrupted the British Government. Parliament belived that the American colonies bore a share of the burden of the war costs that resulted from military operations in North America. They proposed to levy taxes on many items supplied by the colonial governments without charge.

The colonists felt that it was unfair that a political body in which they were not represented should tax them. This was not a new conflict. Royal Governors and colonial assemblies fought over taxes to operate the government without consent of the people's representatives. In New York Colony the Governor, Colonel Thomas Dongan passed the Charter of Liberties and Priveleges that gave the vote to all freeholders and stated that the colony be governed by the king, governor, and the "people in assembly gathered".

England's efforts to restrict the right of free trade by colonial merchants through the Navigation and Sugar Acts, led to discontent and encouraged a thriving smuggling operation along the Atlantic seaboard. In 1764 New York merchants petitioned Parliament not to renew the Navigation Act. This appeal failed. In October 1765 representatives from nine colonies met in New York and proposed that the colonies coordinate their effort to have representation in Parliament or give taxing authority to the colonial assemblies. Supporters in England pointed out the duties levied on colonial goods could be paid in England and the cause of ill-will removed.

The final straw for many American colonists was the Quebec Act that granted a degree of autonmy to Canada, restricted settlement west of the Appalaichan Mountains and granted free exercise of religion to Canada's French Catholics. This last clause created a furor in Massachusetts and other colonies as the first step of uniting Protestant Americans with the Pope in Rome.

By 1774 when the First Continental Congress agreed to meet again, Lexington and Concord brought open rupture between the colonies and Parliament and made rebels of the most prominent men in the colonies and founded a new nation.

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How did the French and Indian War alter Britain's political relations with its American colonies?

The French and Indian War had a profound effect on the political and economic relationship between the Colonists and the British.  On one hand, the Colonists felt that they were owed a bit more than they received for their support of the British during the conflict.  When the British recognized the need for money in the wake of the war's conclusion, they leaned on the Colonists for financial support.  This caused resentment within the Colonists, who might have felt that a bit more autonomy was the more appropriate response.  The subsequent acts and duties placed on the Colonists angered the Colonists on both political and economic rights.  On one hand, acts such as the Quartering Act and the Stamp Act seemed to be direct affronts to the Colonists' desire to live free from external interference.  Additionally, the financial burden that was caused by the Sugar Act as well as the Intolerable Acts caused great economic hardship, impacting the way in which colonists made and kept money.  The good will that might have existed in the hue of victory disappeared very quickly with the need for money and the belief in British Mercantilism that the Colonists had to be the sole source for the generation and facilitation of such funds and the repayment of British debt.

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How did the French and Indian War alter Britain's political relations with its American colonies?

Basically, the French and Indian War and its aftermath ruined the political relations between the mother country and the colonies.  This happened for two main reasons:

  • First, the British tried to tax the colonies much more and in different ways than they had before.  They felt it was necessary in order to help pay for the war.
  • Second, the British started to put much more effort into controlling the colonies.  They stopped their policy of "benign neglect" that had pretty much let the colonies alone and put in its place a system that actually tried to enforce laws like those against smuggling.

Because of these two changes, the colonists became very upset with Britain and created a movement that ended up demanding independence.

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