Editor's Choice
What roles do Caroline, Justine, and Elizabeth play in "Frankenstein"?
Quick answer:
Caroline, Justine, and Elizabeth in Frankenstein highlight Victor Frankenstein's emotional and moral failings. Caroline's death motivates Victor's quest to defeat death, leading to his unethical experiments. Justine's wrongful execution for William's murder, committed by Victor's creature, fuels Victor's desire for revenge, yet he fails to accept his responsibility. Elizabeth, killed by the creature on her wedding night, underscores Victor's narcissism and inability to protect those he loves.
All the women in the novel are virtuous, beautiful, and doomed. Caroline dies of scarlet fever after nursing Elizabeth to health. It is her death, in part, that makes Victor eager to learn to "banish disease" from the human body and begin the creation of a new species. It seems as though his inability to accept his mother's death prompts him to inappropriate and unethical behaviors. Justine is executed for the murder of William, a murder committed by Victor's creature. Her death, as well as William's, makes Victor eager to exact revenge on his creature, as he believes it reveals the creature's true, malicious nature (though it is half wrong about that). He blames the creature for these deaths, and though he feels guilty about them, he never really seems to recognize his own responsibility for them. He just continues to dwell on how miserable he feels (nevermind how miserable Justine feels). Elizabeth is murdered by the creature on her wedding night, in part, because of Victor's own narcissism. After Victor destroys the female companion he is making for the creature, the creature tells him "I will be with you on your wedding night." Victor has denied the creature the opportunity to be loved and united with another like him, and so it likely seems pretty obvious to us—though not to Victor—that the creature will kill Elizabeth, not Victor. Killing Victor would end Victor's pain, and the creature wants to keep him alive and in pain; the murder of Elizabeth would accomplish this. Thus, all three seem to point out Victor's emotional and moral shortcomings.
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